ArticleEuropean archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery2021
Analysis of forces during robot-assisted and manual manipulations of mobile and fixed footplate in temporal bone specimens.
Article in European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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3 citing papers in PubMed, 4 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mobilization and luxation of the stapes during robot-assisted otosclerosis surgery: force and distance analysis.European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2026Article
- Comparison of Manual Versus Robot-Assisted Piston Prosthesis Placement and Crimping in a 3D-Printed Temporal Bone Model.Laryngoscope investigative otolaryngology · 2026Article
- Robot-Assisted Electrode Insertion in Cochlear Implantation Controlled by Intraoperative Electrocochleography-A Pilot Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
purposeTo evaluate the forces involved in different manipulations, manual or robot-assisted, applied to the ossicular chain, on normal temporal bones and on an anatomical model of otosclerosis.
methodsThirteen cadaveric temporal bones, with mobile footplates or with footplates that were fixed using hydroxyapatite cement, were manipulated, manually or using a robotic arm (RobOtol®). "Short contact" of a mobile footplate was the weakest interaction on the incus. "Long contact" was the same manipulation held for 10 s. "Mobilization" was the smallest visualized movement of the mobile footplate, or the movement necessary to regain mobility of the fixed footplate. A six-axis force sensor (Nano17, ATI) measured the maximal peak of forces, summation of forces applied, and yank.
resultsMaximal forces during short (~4 mN) and long contact (~15 mN) were similar for manual and robot-assisted manipulations. For manual manipulation, yank measured during long contact was twice as high compared to robot-assisted manipulation: 6 ± 2.4 (n = 5) and 3 ± 1.3 mN/s (n = 5), respectively (mean ± SD, p < 0.02). For mobilization of the mobile footplate, maximal forces during mobilization were similar during manual and robot-assisted manipulations, respectively: 12 ± 2.5 (n = 6) and 19 ± 7.6 mN (n = 7). Compared with mobilization of a mobile footplate, mobilization of a fixed footplate required ~ 60 and ~ 27 times higher maximal forces for manual and robot-assisted manipulations, respectively: 724 ± 366.4 and 507 ± 283.2 mN. Yank was twice as high during manual manipulation compared to robot-assisted manipulation (p < 0.05).
conclusionRobot-assisted manipulation of the ossicular chain was reliable. Our anatomical model of otosclerosis was successfully developed requiring higher forces for stapes mobilization.
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