ArticleAddictive behaviors2021
Post-legalization changes in marijuana use in a sample of young California adults.
Article in Addictive behaviors, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- Is legalization of recreational cannabis associated with levels of use and cannabis use disorder among youth in the United States? A rapid systematic review.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2024Pooled it
- The clouded debate: A systematic review of comparative longitudinal studies examining the impact of recreational cannabis legalization on key public health outcomes.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Pooled it
- Surveillance of Cannabis Strains Using Online Data: Observational Study.JMIR formative research · 2026Observational
- Adult-use cannabis legalization in the united states: a scoping review of outcome monitoring recommendations.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Are cannabis policy changes associated with alcohol use patterns? Evidence for age-group differences based on primary care screening data.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2025Article
- Cannabis to cope with COVID-19 in college.Journal of American college health : J of ACH · 2025Article
- Prenatal cannabis exposure is associated with alterations in offspring DNA methylation at genes involved in neurodevelopment, across the life course.Molecular psychiatry · 2025Article
- Post-legalization shifts in cannabis use among young adults in Georgia-A nationally representative study.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2025Article
- Situations and roles of cannabis versus cigarette use: Integrating ecological momentary assessment with qualitative mapping interviews.Health & place · 2024Article
- Navigating the Grey Zone: The Impact of Legislative Frameworks in North America and Europe on Adolescent Cannabis Use-A Systematic Review.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Association Between Marijuana Laws and Suicide Among 12- to 25-Year-Olds in the United States From 2000 to 2019.Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry · 2024Article
- Changes in Cannabis Use From 2014 to 2019 Among Young Adults in Washington State.American journal of preventive medicine · 2024Article
- Past Cannabis Use, Health-Related Worry, and Beliefs About Perceived Benefits of Cannabis Among American Indians/Alaska Natives.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2023Article
- Assessing the Impact of Recreational Cannabis Legalization on Cannabis Use Disorder and Admissions to Treatment in the United States.Current addiction reports · 2023Review
- Impacts of recreational cannabis legalization on use and harms: A narrative review of sex/gender differences.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2023Review
- Policing Pot: State-Level Cannabis Arrests Increase Perceived Risks and Costs but Not Use.Cannabis (Albuquerque, N.M.) · 2022Article
- Impulsivity-Related Personality Traits as Predictors of E-Cigarette Use among Young Adults over Time.Substance use & misuse · 2022Article
- Changes in cannabis use, exposure, and health perceptions following legalization of adult recreational cannabis use in California: a prospective observational study.Substance abuse treatment, prevention, and policy · 2021Observational
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
introductionIncreasing marijuana use among young adults is a concern due to substantial acute and chronic health risks. More widespread use of marijuana may also lead to increased use of nicotine and tobacco products. California legalized commercial sales of marijuana for recreational use as of January 2018. To our knowledge no studies to date have examined subsequent changes in marijuana use. The goal of this study was to test the hypothesis that marijuana use frequency increased following legalization of recreational sales. We also hypothesized that increased marijuana frequency would predict greater frequency of nicotine/tobacco consumption.
methodsThe study was a secondary analysis of a longitudinal study of tobacco use among non-daily cigarette smokers. Participants were 563 young adults (aged 18-24) enrolled in 2015-16 and followed quarterly for 3 years.
resultsA piecewise multilevel regression model indicated that marijuana use frequency did not change over time, including following legalization. More frequent use was associated with younger age and identifying as white (ps < 0.001, which did not change after legalization. Marijuana frequency was moderated by sex (p < .001), with women reporting increasing and men decreasing use over time. It was also associated with tobacco use, and particularly with e-cigarette use following legalization (ps < 0.05).
conclusionsFindings suggest legalization of recreational marijuana sales had a negligible overall impact on days of use among young adults, but may have prompted increased interest in marijuana among some, particularly women and e-cigarette users. The continuously evolving landscape around these products indicates that ongoing surveillance is critical.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.