ArticlePreventive medicine2021
A longitudinal study of psychological distress in the United States before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Article in Preventive medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 131 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
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Who cites it
131 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 240 citations in OpenAlex.
- Assets and depression in U.S. adults during the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review.Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology · 2024Pooled it
- Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on suicidal attempts and death rates: a systematic review.BMC psychiatry · 2022Pooled it
- Protective and Non-Protective Factors of Mental Health Distress in the United States during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2021Pooled it
- Fear learning and generalization during pandemic fear: How COVID-19-related anxiety affects classical fear conditioning with traumatic film clips.Journal of psychiatric research · 2022Trial
- Age, Motivation, and Emotion Regulation Skills Predict Treatment Outcome in an Internet-Based Self-Help Intervention for COVID-19 Related Psychological Distress.Frontiers in public health · 2022Trial
- Effectiveness of a Videoconferencing-Delivered Psychological Intervention for Mental Health Problems during COVID-19: A Proof-of-Concept Randomized Clinical Trial.Psychotherapy and psychosomatics · 2022Trial
- Relative Burden of Social Determinants of Health on Diverse Populations of Health Resources and Services Administration Health Centers.Journal of general internal medicine · 2026Article
- Political Beliefs and Legitimacy of Government Restrictions During the COVID-19 Pandemic.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Analysis of COVID-19-Related Influencing Variables and Post-Traumatic Growth Differences Depending on the Type of Depressive Symptoms Using Latent Profile Analysis.Psychiatry investigation · 2026Article
- A Descriptive Analysis of Suicide Trends by Race/Ethnicity, Sex, and Age Categories in Santa Clara County, California From 2018 to 2023.AJPM focus · 2026Article
- Addressing Psychiatric Bed Capacity: Evidence From Medicaid's Institutions for Mental Disease Waivers for Serious Mental Illness.Health services research · 2026Article
- COVID-19 Pandemic-Related Stressors, Distress, and Bodily Pain in Native Americans: Results from the Oklahoma Study of Native American Pain Risk.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- Navigating Shared Stress: Dyadic Links Between COVID-19 Stressors and Mental Health in Low-Income Latine Youth and Mothers.Journal of latinx psychology · 2026Article
- Telebehavioral Health, In-Person, and Hybrid Modalities of Treatment Delivery Among US Service Members: Longitudinal Observational Study.JMIR mental health · 2026Observational
- Rental assistance, housing insecurity, & well-being: Spillover effects of emergency rental assistance during the COVID-19 pandemic.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2026Article
- Dynamics of psychological distress: understanding the impact of intraindividual and interindividual factors in the Belgian population during the COVID-19 pandemic-a multilevel prospective cohort study.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- Societal values versus individual rights with respect to public health related practices during the COVID-19 pandemic in the U.S.PloS one · 2026Article
- Interpretable machine learning for classification and risk factor identification of anxiety, depression, and insomnia symptoms after the full opening of China's COVID-19 lockdown.BMC psychiatry · 2025Article
- Post-pandemic mental health: Understanding the global psychological burden and charting future research priorities.World journal of psychiatry · 2025Review
- Psychological distress and its potential risk factors among Black and White adult immigrants in the United States - National Health Interview Survey 2005-2018.Preventive medicine reports · 2025Article
71 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has caused financial stress and disrupted daily life more quickly than any prior economic downturn and on a scale beyond any prior natural disaster. This study aimed to assess the impact of the pandemic on psychological distress and identify vulnerable groups using longitudinal data to account for pre-pandemic mental health status. Clinically significant psychological distress was assessed with the Kessler-6 in a national probability sample of adults in the United States at two time points, February 2019 (T1) and May 2020 (T2). To identify increases in distress, psychological distress during the worst month of the past year at T1 was compared with psychological distress over the past 30-days at T2. Survey adjusted logistic regression was used to estimate associations of demographic characteristics at T1 (gender, age, race, and income) and census region at T2 with within-person increases in psychological distress. The past-month prevalence of serious psychological distress at T2 was as high as the past-year prevalence at T1 (10.9% vs. 10.2%). Psychological distress was strongly associated across assessments (X
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.