ArticleBMC psychiatry2021
Mental disorder and PTSD in Syria during wartime: a nationwide crisis.
Article in BMC psychiatry, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 58 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
58 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 118 citations in OpenAlex.
- Post-traumatic stress disorder in youth exposed to the Syrian conflict: A systematic review and meta-analysis of prevalence and determinants.Journal of health psychology · 2024Pooled it
- Post-traumatic stress disorder in the Ethiopian population dwelling in war-affected communities: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2024Pooled it
- Effectiveness of a brief group behavioral intervention for common mental disorders in Syrian refugees in Jordan: A randomized controlled trial.PLoS medicine · 2022Trial
- Prevalence and risk factors of post-traumatic stress disorder among 2023 earthquake survivors in Syria and Turkey: A multinational cross-sectional study.The Journal of international medical research · 2026Article
- Trauma and resilience among non-displaced in the early phase of the war in Ukraine.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Short and long-term health consequences of the 2013 Sarin attack in Ghouta, Syria: a retrospective descriptive study of civilian survivors.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- The trends in the use of psychopharmacological medications in Ukraine 2010-2022.BMC psychiatry · 2026Article
- Associations between psychological distress and untreated dental caries in conflict-affected Syrian adolescents: a cross-sectional study.Frontiers in oral health · 2026Article
- Syria as a War-Torn Country: How Prepared Are We for the Next Pandemic?Avicenna journal of medicine · 2026Article
- Mapping war trauma: A machine learning approach to predict mental health impacts in Ukraine.SSM - population health · 2025Article
- Wounds beyond bars: reflecting on the urgent need for psychological support and interventions in the aftermath of Syria's regime collapse.BJPsych international · 2025Review
- Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in Zoulfa Katouh's As Long as the Lemon Trees Grow.Philosophy, ethics, and humanities in medicine : PEHM · 2025Article
- Braving the dark: mental health challenges and academic performance of Ukrainian university students during the war.Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology · 2025Article
- A scoping review of epidemics of substance misuse and suicide in Syria: casualties of protracted conflict and political instability.Conflict and health · 2025Article
- Post-crisis health reality and wellbeing of children within Syria: a scoping review of research from 2012 to 2024.Conflict and health · 2025Review
- Post-traumatic stress disorder among Al-Quds University students during the 2023 Gaza war: a cross-sectional study.BMC psychiatry · 2025Article
- Mental health services during the war in Ukraine: 2-years follow up study.International journal of mental health systems · 2025Article
- Association between conflict intensity and health outcomes in contemporary conflicts, while accounting for the vulnerability and functioning of healthcare services.Conflict and health · 2025Article
- Assessment of post-traumatic stress disorder and well-being among Sudanese during the ongoing war: a cross-sectional study.BMC psychology · 2025Article
- Polycystic ovary syndrome negatively affects sexual function and lower urinary tract symptoms in syrian women: a case-control study.Scientific reports · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundSyria has experienced war since 2011, leaving over 80% under the poverty line and millions displaced. War and its retaliations have significantly impacted the mental health of Syrians. This study evaluates the post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and the severity of the mental distress caused by war and other factors such as low social support. This study also evaluates other variables and compares the findings with those of multiple studies on Syria and refugees.
methodsThis is a cross-sectional study that included people who lived in Syria in different governorates. Online surveys were distributed into multiple online groups and included the Kessler 10 (K10) scale which screens for anxiety and depression, the Screen for Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms (SPTSS) tool, the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, and questionnaires on demographic and war-related factors.
resultsOur study included 1951 participants, of which, 527 (27.0%) were males and 1538 (78.8%) between the age of 19 and 25. Among participants, 44% had likely severe mental disorder, 27% had both likely severe mental disorder and full PTSD symptoms, 36.9% had full PTSD symptoms, and only 10.8% had neither positive PTSD symptoms nor mental disorder on the K10 scale. Around 23% had low overall support. Half of the responders were internally displaced, and 27.6% were forced to change places of living three times or more due to war. Around 86.6% of the responders believed that the war was the main reason for their mental distress. Those with high SPTSS and K10 scores were found to take more days off from work or school due to negative feelings and having somatic symptoms. Moreover, the number of times changing places of living due to war, educational level, and being distressed by war noise were the most prominent factors for more severe PTSD and mental distress. No differences in PTSD and mental disorder prevalence were noted in participants living in different governorates or among different types of jobs. A strong significant correlation (r = 0.623) was found between SPTSS and K10 scores.
conclusionThe conflict in Syria has left the population at great risk for mental distress which was higher compared to Syrian refugees elsewhere. Many measures with an emphasis on mental health are needed to help the people against a long-term avoidable suffering.
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