Observational studyThe American journal of emergency medicine2021
Impact of a shelter-in-place order during the COVID-19 pandemic on the incidence of opioid overdoses.
Observational study in The American journal of emergency medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Estimating excess mortality due to the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic analysis of COVID-19-related mortality, 2020-21.Lancet (London, England) · 2022Pooled it
- Representative national survey on drug use during the COVID-19 stay-at-home order in the USA.BMJ open · 2025Article
- Impact of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic on Substance Use Disorder Risk Among People Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Enrolled in HIV Care in the United States: An Interrupted Time Series Analysis.Open forum infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Article
- Predictors of opioid overdose during the COVID-19 pandemic: The role of relapse, treatment access and nonprescribed buprenorphine/naloxone.Journal of substance use and addiction treatment · 2023Article
- Increases in overdoses during the COVID-19 pandemic.Proceedings (Baylor University. Medical Center) · 2023Article
- Geographic variations in opioid overdose patterns in Pennsylvania during the COVID-19 pandemic.Health & place · 2023Article
- Impact of mandatory COVID-19 shelter-in-place order on controlled substance use among rural versus urban communities in the United States.The Journal of rural health : official journal of the American Rural Health Association and the National Rural Health Care Association · 2023Article
- The measurement-based care to opioid treatment programs project (MBC2OTP): a study protocol using rapid assessment procedure informed clinical ethnography.Addiction science & clinical practice · 2022Article
- A Qualitative Exploration of the Functional, Social, and Emotional Impacts of the COVID-19 Pandemic on People Who Use Drugs.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Impacts of COVID-19 at the intersection of substance use disorder treatment and criminal justice systems: findings from three states.Health & justice · 2022Article
- Illicit Substance Use and the COVID-19 Pandemic in the United States: A Scoping Review and Characterization of Research Evidence in Unprecedented Times.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Substance, use in relation to COVID-19: A scoping review.Addictive behaviors · 2022Article
- The impact of an integrated safer use space and safer supply program on non-fatal overdose among emergency shelter residents during a COVID-19 outbreak: a case study.Harm reduction journal · 2022Article
- Navigating intersecting public health crises: a qualitative study of people with opioid use disorders' experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic.Substance abuse treatment, prevention, and policy · 2022Article
- Redesign of Opioid Use Disorder Screening and Treatment in the ED.NEJM catalyst innovations in care delivery · 2022Article
- Patient access to chronic medications during the Covid-19 pandemic: Evidence from a comprehensive dataset of US insurance claims.PloS one · 2021Article
- Changes in Social, Romantic, and General Life Satisfaction Over the Course of a Substance Use Disorder.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2021Article
- Quality Improvement Targeting Non-pharmacologic Care and As-needed Morphine Improves Outcomes in Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome.Pediatric quality & safetyArticle
- Opioid Overdose Hospitalizations During COVID-19: The Experience of Pennsylvania.Substance use : research and treatmentArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionSince the beginning of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic in the United States, there have been concerns about the potential impact of the pandemic on persons with opioid use disorder. Shelter-in-place (SIP) orders, which aimed to reduce the spread and scope of the virus, likely also impacted this patient population. This study aims to assess the role of the COVID-19 pandemic on the incidence of opioid overdose before and after a SIP order.
methodsA retrospective review of the incidence of opioid overdoses in an urban three-hospital system was conducted. Comparisons were made between the first 100 days of a city-wide SIP order during the COVID-19 pandemic and the 100 days during the COVID-19 pandemic preceding the SIP order (Pre-SIP). Differences in observed incidence and expected incidence during the SIP period were evaluated using a Fisher's Exact test.
resultsTotal patient visits decreased 22% from 46,078 during the Pre-SIP period to 35,971 during the SIP period. A total of 1551 opioid overdoses were evaluated during the SIP period, compared to 1665 opioid overdoses during the Pre-SIP period, consistent with a 6.8% decline. A Fisher's Exact Test demonstrated a p < 0.0001, with a corresponding Odds Ratio of 1.20 with a 95% confidence interval (1.12;1.29).
conclusionThe COVID-19 pandemic and the associated SIP order were associated with a statistically and clinically significant increase in the proportion of opioid overdoses in relation to the overall change in total ED visits.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.