ArticleJournal of community health2021
The Impact of Socioeconomic Status on the Clinical Outcomes of COVID-19; a Retrospective Cohort Study.
Article in Journal of community health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 53 papers.
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Who cites it
53 citing papers in PubMed.
- Unequal goodbyes: disparities in end-of-life care before and after the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic across 28 countries.BMC palliative care · 2026Article
- Mortality risk during the COVID-19 pandemic is shaped by human development.BMC global and public health · 2026Article
- Understanding gaps in guideline-recommended adult congenital heart disease care: Data from 12 US health care centers.American heart journal · 2026Article
- The Dynamic Impact of Community Social Vulnerability on COVID-19 Outcomes: A Census Tract-level Analysis of Fulton County, Georgia.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2025Article
- Impact of social isolation on mental health changes by socio-economic status: A moderated mediation analysis among non-migrant, migrant, and refugee subpopulations in Germany, 2016-2020.SSM - population health · 2025Article
- Association of Inhaled Corticosteroid Use with COVID-19 Severity and Hospitalization in Patients With and Without Respiratory Disease.Journal of aerosol medicine and pulmonary drug delivery · 2025Article
- COVID-19 Reinfections in the City of São Paulo, Brazil: Prevalence and Socioeconomic Factors.Open forum infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Association between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and COVID-19 severity.Journal of sleep research · 2025Article
- The effects of deprivation, age, and regional differences in COVID-19 mortality from 2020 to 2022: a retrospective analysis of public provincial data.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Sliding down the socioeconomic health gradient of COVID-19 in New York City: multinomial regression analyses of disproportionate financial hardship for Black, Latino, and Asian residents and households with children.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Article
- Socioeconomic and Demographic Factors Associated With Mortality Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Analysis of 28 European Countries.International journal of public health · 2025Article
- Socioeconomic inequalities in the incidence of COVID-19 in Barcelona students.Public health in practice (Oxford, England) · 2024Article
- Racial and Regional Disparities Surrounding In-Hospital Mortality among Patients with 2019 Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19): Evidence from NIS Sample in 2020.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2024Article
- Disparities in COVID-19 Hospitalization at the Intersection of Race and Ethnicity and Income.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2024Article
- Insights Into Eye Care Accessibility: Geospatial Distribution of Eye Care Providers and Socioeconomic Factors by ZIP Code.Translational vision science & technology · 2024Article
- Influence of socio-economic status on functional recovery after ARDS caused by SARS-CoV-2: the multicentre, observational RECOVIDS study.Intensive care medicine · 2023Article
- Barriers and shortcomings in access to cardiovascular management and prevention for familial hypercholesterolemia during the COVID-19 pandemic.Clinical cardiology · 2023Review
- Unanticipated consequences of COVID-19 pandemic policies on pediatric acute appendicitis surgery.Journal of pediatric surgery · 2023Article
- Highly socially vulnerable communities exhibit disproportionately increased viral loads as measured in community wastewater.Environmental research · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
There have been limited data assessing the influence of disadvantaged socioeconomic status (SES) on the incidence and clinical outcomes of COVID-19 patients within the diverse communities of the United States. Here, we aim to investigate the association between poverty level, as an indicator of SES, and COVID-19 related clinical outcomes including hospitalization and all-cause mortality. This retrospective cohort study included 3528 patients with laboratory confirmed COVID-19 seen at a large New York City health system between March 1, 2020 and April 1, 2020. Data for neighborhood level poverty was acquired from the American Community Survey 2014-2018 and defined as the percent of residents in each ZIP code whose household income was below the federal poverty threshold (FPT): 0% to < 20% below FPT (low poverty) and > 20% below FPT (high poverty). COVID-19 positive patients who resided in high poverty areas were significantly younger, had a higher prevalence of comorbidities and were more likely to be of female gender or a racial minority when compared to individuals living in low poverty areas. Residence in a high poverty area was not associated with an increased risk of COVID-19 related hospitalization and was found to be associated with a decreased risk of in-hospital mortality. This study suggests the existence of an unequal socioeconomic gradient in the demographic and clinical presentation of COVID-19 patients including differences in age, gender and race between poverty groups. Further studies are needed to fully assess the intersectionality of SES with the COVID-19 pandemic.
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