SynthesisSurgical and radiologic anatomy : SRA2021
A systematic classification of the left-sided aortic arch variants based on cadaveric studies' prevalence.
Synthesis in Surgical and radiologic anatomy : SRA, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 36 citations in OpenAlex.
- The left-sided aortic arch variants: prevalence meta-analysis of imaging studies.Surgical and radiologic anatomy : SRA · 2022Pooled it
- Postmortem discovery of a rare five-vessel aortic arch with aberrant right subclavian artery and bilateral vertebral artery origin variants: embryological analysis and perioperative implications.Surgical and radiologic anatomy : SRA · 2026Article
- A rare variant of double origin of the left vertebral artery.Anatomical science international · 2026Article
- Identifying Aortic Arch Branching Variations Using Advanced Imaging Techniques.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Article
- Incidental finding of aberrant left common carotid artery during intracerebral hemorrhage examination.Radiology case reports · 2024Article
- Vertebral arteria lusoria-Hyrtl's original description (1859), case illustration, and literature analysis.Surgical and radiologic anatomy : SRA · 2024Review
- Right-Sided Aortic Arch: A Computed Tomography Angiography Investigation, A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- A Computed Tomography Study on the Prevalence of Lusorian Artery Among Hungarian Adults.Cureus · 2024Article
- Morphological Aspects of the Aberrant Right Subclavian Artery-A Systematic Review of the Literature.Journal of personalized medicine · 2024Review
- Bovine Aortic Arch with an Aberrant Left Vertebral Artery in a 3-Year-Old Boy with VACTERL Association: A Case Report.The American journal of case reports · 2024Article
- Considerations on the morphology of the thyroid ima artery.Surgical and radiologic anatomy : SRA · 2024Article
- A Rare Case of Thyroidea Ima Arising From the Internal Thoracic Artery and Reaching Up to the Parathyroid Gland.Cureus · 2023Article
- Anatomical structures, cell types, and biomarkers of the healthy human blood vasculature.Scientific data · 2023Article
- Thyroidea ima artery multiple branching pattern over the trachea.Surgical and radiologic anatomy : SRA · 2023Article
- The Brachiocephalic Trunk Variant Origin and High-Riding Course: Two Cadaveric Cases.Acta medica academica · 2023Article
- Anatomical Variations in Aortic Arch Branching Pattern: A Computed Tomography Angiography Study.Cureus · 2023Article
- Prenatal genetic analysis of fetal aberrant right subclavian artery with or without additional ultrasound anomalies in a third level referral center.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Hybrid repair of acute type B dissection with aberrant right subclavian artery and bicarotid trunk.Journal of vascular surgery cases and innovative techniques · 2022Article
- Prenatal Diagnosis of Bovine Aortic Arch Anatomic Variant.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Anatomical variations of the aortic arch branching pattern using CT angiography: a proposal for a different morphological classification with clinical relevance.Anatomical science international · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 6 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionTypical branching pattern of the left-sided aortic arch consists of the brachiocephalic trunk (BCT), the left common carotid artery (LCCA) and the left subclavian artery (LSA). Variant patterns have been associated with a broad spectrum of pathologies. The meticulous knowledge of potential aortic arch variants is of utmost importance to radiologists, interventional cardiologists, vascular and thoracic surgeons. The current systematic review collects all aortic arch branching patterns and their frequency as published by various cadaveric studies, calculates prevalence taking into account the gender and the different people background, as well. All extracted variant patterns are classified into types and subtypes according to the number of emerging (major and minor) branches (1, 2, 3, 4 and 5) and to the prevalence they appear. In cases of similar prevalence, total cases were taken into consideration; otherwise the variants were classified under the title "other rare variants".
methodsA systematic online search of PubMed and Google books databases was performed only in cadaveric studies.
resultsTwenty studies with typical (78% prevalence) and variable (22%) branching patterns were included. Types 3b, 2b, 4b, 1b and 5b had a prevalence of 81%, of 13%, of 5%, 0% and of 0%, respectively. Common variants were the brachiocephalico-carotid trunk (BCCT, 49% prevalence), the aberrant left vertebral artery (LVA, 41%) and the aberrant right subclavian artery (ARSA, 8%). LVA of aortic origin was detected in 32%, the bicarotid trunk (biCT) in 5% and the bi-BCT trunk in 3%. Thyroidea ima artery, a minor branch emerging from the aortic arch was found in 2%. Coexisted variants were detected in 4% (ARSA with a distinct RCCA and LCCA origin), in 3% (BCCT with a LVA of aortic origin), in 2% (ARSA with a biCT and a vertebrosubclavian trunk).
conclusionNo significant gender or ethnic differences exist among the 5 branching types. The proposed classification scheme aims to become a valuable and easy to use tool in the hands of all physicians involved in diagnosis and treatment of aortic arch pathology. It could be also useful in anatomical education, as well.
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