Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33385019›Full record

ArticleBone reports2021

The investigation of bone fracture healing under intramembranous and endochondral ossification.

Smriti Ghimire, Saeed Miramini, Glenn Edwards, Randi Rotne, Jiake Xu, Peter Ebeling, Lihai Zhang

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Bone reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
35citing papers in PubMed
4.4field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

35 citing papers in PubMed, 76 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Could alteration in the vacuum phenomenon rather than its presence be a sign of spinal instability?European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2026
    Article
  5. Review
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Cartilage-SpecificBiomedicines · 2025
    Article
  9. Individual muscle strengths in rehabilitation outcomes of distal radius fracture.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation · 2025
    Article
  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. Review
  13. Review
  14. Review
  15. Healing of Comminuted Fractures of Long Bones in Dogs.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025
    Article
  16. Nanomaterial application for protein delivery in bone regeneration therapy.Brazilian journal of medical and biological research = Revista brasileira de pesquisas medicas e biologica · 2025
    Review
  17. Review
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

Smriti GhimireDepartment of Infrastructure Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia.
Saeed MiraminiDepartment of Infrastructure Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia.
Glenn EdwardsSchool of Animal & Veterinary Sciences, Charles Sturt University, NSW 2678, Australia.
Randi RotneSchool of Animal & Veterinary Sciences, Charles Sturt University, NSW 2678, Australia.
Jiake XuSchool of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Western Australia, WA 6009, Australia.
Peter EbelingDepartment of Medicine, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia.
Lihai ZhangDepartment of Infrastructure Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia.
University of Melbourne · AUCharles Sturt University · AUMonash University · AUUniversity of Western Australia · AU

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

After trauma, fractured bone starts healing directly through bone union or indirectly through callus formation process. Intramembranous and endochondral ossification are two commonly known mechanisms of indirect healing. The present study investigated the bone fracture healing under intramembranous and endochondral ossification by developing theoretical models in conjunction with performing a series of animal experiments. Using experimentally determined mean bone densities in sheep tibia stabilized by the Locking Compression Plate (LCP) fixation system, the research outcomes showed that intramembranous and endochondral ossification can be described by Hill Function with two unique sets of function parameters in mechanical stimuli mediated fracture healing. Two different thresholds exist within the range of mechanical simulation index which could trigger significant intramembranous and endochondral ossification, with a relatively higher bone formation rate of endochondral ossification than that of intramembranous ossification. Furthermore, the increase of flexibility of the LCP system and the use of titanium LCP could potentially promote uniform bone formation across the fracture gap, ultimately better healing outcomes.

Indexed as

Bone fracture healingEndochondral ossificationIntramembranous ossificationLocking compression plateMechano-regulationTitanium

Identifiers

PMID33385019
PMCPMC7772545
OpenAlexW3111436710

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.