ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2020
Local Epidermal Endocrine Estrogen Protects Human Melanocytes against Oxidative Stress, a Novel Insight into Vitiligo Pathology.
Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- Vitiligo as a Failure of Immune Resolution and Tissue Regeneration: From Stress Signals to Targeted Immune Modulation.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2026Review
- Mast cells: "central regulatory hub" of neuro-endocrine-immune dysregulation in vitiligo.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- [Hormones and skin pigmentation: fundamentals and clinical relevance].Dermatologie (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- recent advances in the pathogenesis of vitiligo and the application of novel drug delivery systems in its treatment.International journal of pharmaceutics: X · 2025Review
- Familial Versus Non-Familial Vitiligo: Clinical Features, Anatomical Distribution, and Autoimmune Comorbidity from a Southern Taiwan Hospital.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Article
- A Scoping Review of Pathogenesis, Current Treatments, and Novel Approaches for Vitiligo.Journal of cosmetic dermatology · 2025Article
- An Overview of the Biological Complexity of Vitiligo.Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity · 2024Review
- The intricate relationship between autoimmunity disease and neutrophils death patterns: a love-hate story.Apoptosis : an international journal on programmed cell death · 2023Review
- Oxidative Stress in Metabolic and Endocrine Diseases: Basic and Translational Aspects.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Ginsenoside Rk1 protects human melanocytes from HMolecular medicine reports · 2021Article
- GPNMB Extracellular Fragment Protects Melanocytes from Oxidative Stress by Inhibiting AKT Phosphorylation Independent of CD44.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- A Lower Irradiation Dose of 308 nm Monochromatic Excimer Light Might Be Sufficient for Vitiligo Treatment: A Novel Insight Gained from In Vitro and In Vivo Analyses.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Morphological Alterations and Increased S100B Expression in Epidermal Langerhans Cells Detected in Skin from Patients with Progressive Vitiligo.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
As the outermost barrier of the body, skin is a major target of oxidative stress. In the brain, estrogen has been reported synthesized locally and protects neurons from oxidative stress. Here, we explored whether estrogen is also locally synthesized in the skin to protect from oxidative stress and whether aberrant local estrogen synthesis is involved in skin disorders. Enzymes and estrogen receptor expression in skin cells were examined first by quantitative real-time PCR and Western blot analyses. Interestingly, the estrogen synthesis enzyme was mainly localized in epidermal keratinocytes and estrogen receptors were mainly expressed in melanocytes among 13 kinds of cultured human skin cells. The most abundant estrogen synthesis enzyme expressed in the epidermis was 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1 (HSD17β1) localized in keratinocytes, and the most dominant estrogen receptor expressed in the epidermis was G protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1 (GPER1) in melanocytes. To investigate whether keratinocyte-derived estradiol could protect melanocytes from oxidative stress, cultured human primary epidermal melanocytes (HEMn-MPs) were treated with H
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