Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33383566›Full record

ArticleAddictive behaviors2021

A longitudinal assessment of nicotine dependence, mental health, and attempts to quit Smoking: Evidence from waves 1-4 of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) study.

Morgan Snell, David Harless, Sunny Shin, Peter Cunningham, Andrew Barnes

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Addictive behaviors, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
19citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Smoking Cessation Apps: A Systematic Review of Format, Outcomes, and Features.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021
    Pooled it
  2. Using Pod Based e-Cigarettes and Nicotine Pouches to Reduce Harm for Adults With Low Socioeconomic Status Who Smoke: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2024
    Trial
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  6. Prevalence of Tobacco and Poly-Tobacco Use as a Function of Sexual Orientation Identity and Sex.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2025
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  14. Short- and Long-Term Cigarette and Tobacco Abstinence Among Daily and Nondaily Older Smokers.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2022
    Article
  15. Article
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  17. Associations Between Nicotine Knowledge and Smoking Cessation Behaviors Among US Adults Who Smoke.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2022
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Morgan SnellDepartment of Health Behavior and Policy, Virginia Commonwealth University, 830 East Main St, Richmond 23219, VA, United States. Electronic address: snelllm@mymail.vcu.edu.
David HarlessDepartment of Economics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States.
Sunny ShinSchool of Social Work, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States.
Peter CunninghamDepartment of Health Behavior and Policy, Virginia Commonwealth University, 830 East Main St, Richmond 23219, VA, United States.
Andrew BarnesDepartment of Health Behavior and Policy, Virginia Commonwealth University, 830 East Main St, Richmond 23219, VA, United States.

Funding

Project 4: Using a prospective cohort survey to test population-level predictions generated by Projects 1-3U54DA036105 · NIDA · VIRGINIA COMMONWEALTH UNIVERSITY · PI BRELAND, ALISON · 2018 to 2022
$20.8M
Substance Abuse Intervention/Outcome Research TrainingT32DA016184 · NIDA · BROWN UNIVERSITY · PI Damaris J. Rohsenow, JENNIFER W. TIDEY · 2003 to 2026
$6.1M
NIDA NIH HHS T32 DA016184NIDA NIH HHS U54 DA036105
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAdult smokers with symptoms of any mental illness (AMI) are highly dependent on nicotine and may face additional difficulty quitting smoking. While there is evidence that adult smokers with AMI have high dependence, there is insufficient evidence regarding the unique role that AMI may play in moderating the relationship between dependence and cessation outcomes over time.

methods7290 current established adult smokers at Wave 1 (2013-2014) of the PATH Study also participated in data collection in Waves 2-4 (2014-2018). Linear probability models with individual-level random effects were fit to the data, modeling associations between AMI, nicotine dependence, and the 1) likelihood of achieving cessation during the study period, 2) making a cessation attempt within the previous 12 months, and 3) log of past 30-day total consumption of cigarettes.

resultsAdults who experienced both AMI symptoms and high dependence were 4.7 percentage points (PP) less likely to achieve cessation at any point during the study period (p < 0.01) and smoked more cigarettes per month (β = 0.214, p < 0.05) than adults with AMI who were not highly dependent, despite being as likely to attempt to quit. Adults with AMI who were not highly dependent were 4.6 PP more likely to report a quit attempt and 1.6 PP more likely to achieve cessation than those with neither AMI nor high dependence.

conclusionsAdults with AMI are particularly affected by the burden of tobacco use, in part because of the likely interaction between nicotine dependence and AMI. Tobacco control efforts that focus on this interplay may provide an opportunity to better target interventions for this vulnerable population.

Indexed as

Smoking CessationTobacco Use DisorderAdultHumansMental HealthNicotianaSmokingBehavioral healthCessationNicotine dependenceSmoking

Identifiers

PMID33383566
PMCPMC7837319

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.