Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33382879›Full record

SynthesisNutrition reviews2021

Omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid and sleep: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials and longitudinal studies.

Ying Dai, Jianghong Liu

Abstract readMeta-AnalysisSystematic Review
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Nutrition reviews, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
24citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

24 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  17. Sweet dreams are not made of this: no association between diet and sleep quality.Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine · 2023
    Article
  18. Non-esterified erythrocyte linoleic acid, arachidonic acid, and subjective sleep outcomes.Prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and essential fatty acids · 2023
    Article
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  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Ying DaiSchool of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-5375-2693
Jianghong LiuSchool of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-8405-6153

Funding

Translational Research Support CoreP30ES013508 · NIEHS · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI A. Clementina Mesaros · 2006 to 2026
$35.3M
Omega-3 Supplementation and Adolescent BehaviorR01HD087485 · NICHD · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI LIU, JIANGHONG, RAINE, ADRIAN · 2017 to 2021
$2.5M
NICHD NIH HHS R01 HD087485NIEHS NIH HHS P30 ES013508
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

contextOmega-3, a long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (LC-PUFA), may help promote healthy sleep outcomes. However, evidence from randomized controlled trials are inconclusive.

objectiveThe objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to explore the impact of omega-3 LC-PUFA supplementation and related dietary intervention in clinical trials as well as omega-3 LC-PUFA exposure in longitudinal studies on human's sleep-related outcome. DATA SOURCES: The PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, and AMED databases were searched from inception to November 2019. Randomized controlled trials, clinical trials that included a control group, and longitudinal studies that reported the intake of omega-3 LC-PUFA and sleep-related outcomes were included. STUDY SELECTION: A total of 20 studies with 12 clinical trials and 8 longitudinal studies were identified for inclusion. DATA EXTRACTION: Participant characteristics, study location, intervention information, and sleep-related outcome measurements were reported. Included studies were appraised with Cochrane risk-of-bias tools and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Weighted mean differences (WMDs) and 95%CIs were pooled with fixed or random effect models.

resultsOmega-3 LC-PUFA may improve infants' sleep organization and maturity. It reduced the percentage of infants' active sleep (WMD = -8.40%; 95%CI, -14.50 to -2.29), sleep-wake transition (WMD = -1.15%; 95%CI, -2.09 to -0.20), and enhanced the percentage of wakefulness (WMD = 9.06%; 95%CI, 1.53-16.59) but had no effect on quiet sleep. Omega-3 reduced children's total sleep disturbance score for those with clinical-level sleep problems (WMD = -1.81; 95%CI, -3.38 to -0.23) but had no effect on healthy children's total sleep duration, sleep latency, or sleep efficiency. No effectiveness was found in adults' total sleep duration, sleep latency, sleep efficiency, sleep quality, or insomnia severity.

conclusionOmega-3 LC-PUFA may improve certain aspects of sleep health throughout childhood. Additional robust studies are warranted to confirm the relationship between omega-3 LC-PUFA and sleep.

Indexed as

Dietary SupplementsFatty Acids, Omega-3SleepFemaleHumansPregnancyQuality of LifeRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicFatty Acids, Omega-3meta-analysisomega-3 LC-PUFAsleepsystematic review

Identifiers

PMID33382879
PMCPMC8262633

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.