ArticleThe Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism2021
Limited Genetic Overlap Between Overt Hashimoto's Thyroiditis and Graves' Disease in Twins: A Population-based Study.
Article in The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Multi-ancestry genome-wide association analyses provide insights into the genetic basis of Hashimoto's thyroiditis.Nature genetics · 2026Pooled it
- Epigenome-wide Association Study Shows Differential DNA Methylation of MDC1, KLF9, and CUTA in Autoimmune Thyroid Disease.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2024Pooled it
- Effects of different supplements on Hashimoto's thyroiditis: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Pooled it
- Tissue-specific clustering of genetic correlations across autoimmune diseases in a nationwide sibling study.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2026Article
- Psychiatric morbidity following liothyronine exposure in autoimmune hypothyroidism: a Swedish nationwide cohort study.Journal of the Endocrine Society · 2026Article
- Impact of dermatology targeted immunotherapies on autoimmune thyroid diseases: cytokine-network crosstalk and thyroid safety.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Traditional Chinese Medicine as an Adjunct in Hyperthyroidism Management: A Narrative Review of Pathophysiology, Proposed Mechanisms, and Clinical Evidence.International journal of general medicine · 2026Review
- Familial Risk of Hashimoto's Thyroiditis in a Large Genealogical Database.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2025Article
- Twin study method: Unlocking genetic and environmental interactions.Endocrine journal · 2025Review
- Graves' disease: moving forwards.Archives of disease in childhood · 2023Review
- Genome-wide DNA methylation pattern in whole blood of patients with Hashimoto thyroiditis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Article
- Can the "female protective effect" liability threshold model explain sex differences in autism spectrum disorder?Neuron · 2022Review
- Shared etiology of type 1 diabetes and Hashimoto's thyroiditis: a population-based twin study.European journal of endocrinology · 2022Article
- Cellular and molecular basis of thyroid autoimmunity.European thyroid journal · 2022Review
- Limited Genetic Overlap Between Overt Hashimoto's Thyroiditis and Graves' Disease in Twins: A Population-based Study.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
contextHashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) and Graves' disease (GD) are known to coaggregate in families, but the magnitude and nature of a shared etiology is unknown.
objectivesTo estimate the shared genetic influence on overt HT and GD and to examine if the heritability differs between men and women. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PATIENTS: We used national health registries to identify cases of HT and GD in a cohort of 110 814 Swedish twins. By comparing intra-class and cross-twin cross-trait correlations in dizygotic and monozygotic twins, we calculated heritability and the proportions thereof shared between the diseases. Univariate estimates of heritability were calculated by sex.
resultsThe heritability for HT and GD was 65% (95% CI, 61-70) and 63% (95% CI, 55-72), respectively. The genetic correlation was 0.35 (95% CI, 0.20-0.50) and shared genetic effects accounted for 8% of the variance for both HT and GD. Univariate heritability was significantly higher in men than in women for HT (90% vs 60%, P < 0.001) but not for GD (79% vs 63%, P = 0.085).
conclusionsFrom a genetic perspective, HT and GD appear to be only modestly related diseases. Hence, the term "autoimmune thyroid disease," used to cluster these disorders, may have limited validity in a genetic context. Moreover, the mechanisms contributing to HT are partly different for the sexes, with genetic components more important in men.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.