ArticleThe American psychologist2020
What can be learned from growth mindset controversies?
Article in The American psychologist, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 132 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
132 citing papers in PubMed.
- Growth mindset intervention and academic engagement: the mediating role of l2 motivational self system among non-English majors.BMC psychology · 2026Trial
- AI tutoring outperforms in-class active learning: an RCT introducing a novel research-based design in an authentic educational setting.Scientific reports · 2025Trial
- A Smartphone-Based Implicit Theories Intervention for Health Behavior Change: Randomized Trial.JMIR mHealth and uHealth · 2023Trial
- Peer-Modeled Mindsets: An Approach to Customizing Life Sciences Studying Interventions.CBE life sciences education · 2022Trial
- The online mindset intervention 'The Growth Factory' for adolescents with intellectual disabilities: moderators and mediators.Journal of intellectual disability research : JIDR · 2022Trial
- Trial
- Beyond Engagement Alone: Heterogeneous Profiles of Academic Engagement and Mental Well-Being Among Chinese Adolescents.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- The relationship between growth mindset and mathematics achievement in Chinese middle school students: The role of achievement goals and grit.BMC psychology · 2026Article
- Growth Mindset and Self-Perceived Adaptive Intelligence: A Structural Model of Motivation, Metacognition, Self-Regulated Learning, and Academic Adaptation.Journal of Intelligence · 2026Article
- From Adolescent Stress Mindset to Positive Behavior: The Moderation Role of Social Support and Sex Differences.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Effects of a Digital Parent-Child Single-Session Growth Mindset Intervention on Adolescent Depression and Anxiety Symptoms: A Three-Arm Waitlist Randomized Controlled Trial.European journal of investigation in health, psychology and education · 2026Article
- Using Generative AI in Learning and Students' Innovative Behavior: A Dual-Path Examination Based on the UTAUT Model.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- The influence of growth mindset on perceived learning gain among Chinese college students: the mediating role of academic self-efficacy.BMC psychology · 2026Article
- The efficacy of an online self-administered single session intervention to promote growth mindset in adolescents: A randomised controlled trial.JCPP advances · 2026Article
- Longitudinal Dynamics of Student Engagement in Vocational High School: Growth Mindset as a Predictor of Latent Transitions.Journal of youth and adolescence · 2026Article
- Beyond intelligence: Exploring the role of growth mindsets in the domain of social-emotional skills.The British journal of educational psychology · 2026Article
- Mindset against burnout? A cross-lagged mediation analysis of growth language mindset, learning engagement, and foreign language learning burnout.BMC psychology · 2026Article
- When Effort Meets Belief: A Moderated Mediation Model of Conscientiousness, Self-Efficacy, and Academic Engagement.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- The Relationship Between Negative Life Events and Internalizing Problems: The Mediating Role of Self-Esteem and the Moderating Role of Resilience.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- From AI coaching to athletic engagement: the mediating roles of cognitive adaptability and growth mindset in sports students.BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation · 2026Article
72 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The growth mindset is the belief that intellectual ability can be developed. This article seeks to answer recent questions about growth mindset, such as: Does a growth mindset predict student outcomes? Do growth mindset interventions work, and work reliably? Are the effect sizes meaningful enough to merit attention? And can teachers successfully instill a growth mindset in students? After exploring the important lessons learned from these questions, the article concludes that large-scale studies, including preregistered replications and studies conducted by third parties (such as international governmental agencies), justify confidence in growth mindset research. Mindset effects, however, are meaningfully heterogeneous across individuals and contexts. The article describes three recent advances that have helped the field to learn from this heterogeneity: standardized measures and interventions, studies designed specifically to identify where growth mindset interventions do not work (and why), and a conceptual framework for anticipating and interpreting moderation effects. The next generation of mindset research can build on these advances, for example by beginning to understand and perhaps change classroom contexts in ways that can make interventions more effective. Throughout, the authors reflect on lessons that can enrich metascientific perspectives on replication and generalization. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.