ReviewCurrent neuropharmacology2021
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors and Neurotoxicity.
Review in Current neuropharmacology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- Immune-related aseptic meningitis and strategies to manage immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy: a systematic review.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2022Pooled it
- Neurological Adverse Events Associated With Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Identified Through Disproportionality Analysis of the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System.Cancer medicine · 2026Article
- Article
- Immune-Related Polyradiculoneuropathy Associated With Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: A Comprehensive Case Series.Brain and behavior · 2026Article
- Opsoclonus-Myoclonus-Ataxia Syndrome Related to Pembrolizumab Treatment for Invasive Ductal Carcinoma: A Case Report.Cureus · 2026Article
- Cancer neuroscience: signaling pathways and new therapeutic strategies for cancer.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- Neurotoxicity of immune checkpoint inhibitors: a retrospective pharmacovigilance study using FAERS database.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Carcinomatous leptomeningitis from bladder cancer mimicking immune-related cerebellitis: A case report.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2025Article
- Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Induced Central and Peripheral Neurotoxicity: Case Series and Literature Review.Cureus · 2025Article
- Increased serum NfL and GFAP levels indicate different subtypes of neurologic immune-related adverse events during treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors.International journal of cancer · 2025Article
- Clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment of pembrolizumab induced autoimmune encephalitis.Investigational new drugs · 2025Article
- Article
- Myasthenia Gravis-Like Symptoms Following Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Case Report.Cancer management and research · 2025Article
- Myasthenia gravis due to anti-PD-1 treatment for an advanced colon cancer patient: a case report and literature review.Journal of neurology · 2024Review
- Nivolumab and Ipilimumab Acting as Tormentors of Advanced Tumors by Unleashing Immune Cells and Associated Collateral Damage.Pharmaceutics · 2024Review
- Article
- Tri-specific killer engager: unleashing multi-synergic power against cancer.Exploration of targeted anti-tumor therapy · 2024Review
- Assessment of Neurologic Safety Profile of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: Evaluation of Adverse Drug Reaction Reports.Current drug safety · 2024Article
- Pathogenesis, pathological characteristics and individualized therapy for immune-related adverse effects.Chinese medical journal pulmonary and critical care medicine · 2023Review
- Programmed Cell Death Protein 1 Inhibitor-Mediated Peripheral Neuropathy.JTO clinical and research reports · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have recently been used as a promising treatment for cancer, while their toxicity and immune-related side effects can be seen in any organ, including the nervous system. In contrast to other immune-related adverse events (irAEs), neurological irAEs (nAEs) are rare, with varying incidence and symptom complexity. Although nAEs are uncommon, they can sometimes be severe and even lead to death. However, little attention has been paid to nAEs, and the literature is mostly clinical reports with only a few cases. We, therefore, conducted the present review with the aim of providing a comprehensive introduction of nAEs. In this review, we summarized various nAEs, including meningitis, encephalitis, and hypophysitis in the central nervous system, and myositis, myasthenia gravis, and peripheral neuropathies in the peripheral system. We also reviewed the current diagnosis and treatment methods for nAEs commonly used in clinical practice. In addition, we discussed potential mechanisms regarding nAEs and proposed the possible approaches to prevent the risk of nAEs in patients treated with ICIs. There is still a lot to learn, such as whether and why patients with nAEs respond better to ICI-therapy. The mechanisms and significance of nAEs need to be fully clarified to address these issues and optimize the treatment strategy.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.