Trial reportNutrients2020
Effect of an Enriched Protein Drink on Muscle Mass and Glycemic Control during Combined Lifestyle Intervention in Older Adults with Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes: A Double-Blind RCT.
Trial report in Nutrients, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 47 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effectiveness of Whey Protein Supplementation in Weight Loss Interventions for Patients with Obesity: A Systematic Review.Nutrients · 2026Pooled it
- Can Vitamin D supplementation enhance the effectiveness of exercise-induced weight loss in overweight or obese adults? Evidence from integrated transcriptomic and meta-analysis.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Pooled it
- Which intervention is optimal to control blood glucose and improve physical performance in the elderly living with type 2 diabetes mellitus? A network meta-analysis.Asia Pacific journal of clinical nutrition · 2024Pooled it
- Trial
- The efficacy of Sarcomeal® oral supplementation plus vitamin D3 on muscle parameters, metabolic factors, and quality of life in diabetic sarcopenia: a randomized controlled clinical trial.Aging clinical and experimental research · 2025Trial
- Effect of a multidisciplinary lifestyle intervention on body composition in people with osteoarthritis: Secondary analysis of the "Plants for Joints" randomized controlled trial.Osteoarthritis and cartilage open · 2024Trial
- Adherence to resistance training and hypocaloric diet among persons near retirement age - A secondary data analysis of three randomized controlled trials.The journal of nutrition, health & aging · 2024Trial
- A High Protein Diet Is Associated with Improved Glycemic Control Following Exercise among Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes.Nutrients · 2023Trial
- Trial
- Leucine-enriched whey protein supplementation, resistance-based exercise, and cardiometabolic health in older adults: a randomized controlled trial.Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle · 2021Trial
- A higher protein intake at breakfast and lunch is associated with a higher total daily protein intake in older adults: a post-hoc cross-sectional analysis of four randomised controlled trials.Journal of human nutrition and dietetics : the official journal of the British Dietetic Association · 2021Trial
- Trial
- Review
- Differences in Protein Quantity and Quality Across a Spectrum of Plant-Based Meals: Analysis of a Large National Dietary Survey.Current developments in nutrition · 2026Article
- Is higher protein intake during weight loss interventions in older adults associated with improved outcomes? A secondary data analysis of three randomised controlled trials.Nutrition journal · 2026Article
- Nutritional considerations for athletes with diabetes: optimizing performance and glycemic control.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Review
- Optimizing Nutrition Strategies for Diabetes Management in India: An Expert Opinion.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2026Article
- Are strategies to increase muscle mass and strength as effective in people with type 2 diabetes?Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders · 2025Review
- Perspectives of adults aged 55+ on plant-based diets rich in protein.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Exploring the effect of gut flora on atrial fibrillation based on epidemiological history.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundWeight loss is key to treatment of older adults with obesity and type 2 diabetes, but also a risk for muscle mass loss. This study investigated whether a whey protein drink enriched with leucine and vitamin D could preserve muscle mass and improve glycemic control during combined lifestyle intervention in this population.
methods123 older adults with obesity and type 2 diabetes were randomized into a 13-week lifestyle intervention with dietary advice and exercise, receiving either the enriched protein drink (test) or an isocaloric control (control). Muscle mass was assessed with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and glycemic control by oral glucose tolerance test. Statistical analyses were performed using a linear mixed model.
resultsThere was a nonsignificant increase in leg muscle mass (+0.28 kg; 95% CI, -0.01 to 0.56) and a significant increase in appendicular muscle mass (+0.36 kg; 95% CI, 0.005 to 0.71) and total lean mass (+0.92 kg; 95% CI, 0.19 to 1.65) in test vs. control. Insulin sensitivity (Matsuda index) also increased in test vs. control (+0.52; 95% CI, 0.07 to 0.97).
conclusionsUse of an enriched protein drink during combined lifestyle intervention shows beneficial effects on muscle mass and glycemic control in older adults with obesity and type 2 diabetes.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.