ReviewPharmaceutics2020
Dry Powder for Pulmonary Delivery: A Comprehensive Review.
Review in Pharmaceutics, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 86 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
86 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Intranasal natural products for influenza treatment: a systematic review and meta-analysis of preclinical studies.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- Advanced Pulmonary Drug Delivery Systems: A Narrative Review.Pulmonary therapy · 2026Review
- Review
- Breaking Biological Barriers: Engineering Nanocarriers for Efficient Drug and Gene Delivery through Nano-Bio Interfaces and Biophysical Design.Applied physics reviews · 2026Article
- Artificial Intelligence-Based Optimization of Pulmonary Drug Delivery Performance in Smart Inhaler Drug-Device Combination Systems.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- Pulmonary Drug Delivery in the Era of Nanomedicine: From Biological Barriers to Artificial Intelligence-Driven Optimization.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Article
- Pulmonary Drug Delivery for Infectious Diseases: Cutting-Edge Formulations and Manufacturing Technologies.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- Inhaled Antibiotic and Biologic Formulations TargetingPharmaceutics · 2026Review
- Pulmonary Delivery of Inhalable Sustained Release Nanocomposites Microparticles Encapsulating Osimertinib for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Therapy.Pharmaceutics · 2026Article
- Freeze-Drying in Sucrose Followed by Cryomilling Enables the Formulation of sa-mRNA-LNP Powders for Inhalation.Pharmaceutics · 2026Article
- Single vs Dual Lactose-Polyethylene Glycol 3000 Microcarrier Systems for Pulmonary Salmeterol and Fluticasone Targeted Delivery.Drug design, development and therapy · 2026Article
- Spray-Dried Inhalable Favipiravir Dry Powder Formulation for Influenza Therapy: Preparation andCurrent drug delivery · 2026Article
- Advancing pulmonary therapy: the role of dry powder inhalation technology in lung disease management.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2025Review
- Adding Intranasal to Oral Administration of an Ultra-Rapid Near-Universal Drug Regimen Accelerates Relapse-Free Cure of Tuberculosis in Mice.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Charged Particle Dynamics in Dry Powder Inhalers.Molecular pharmaceutics · 2025Article
- An Insight Into the Aerosolization Pattern of Formoterol Fumarate Dry Powder Inhalation Formulation Actuated Via Two Different Inhaler Devices.Advanced pharmaceutical bulletin · 2025Article
- Engineering Large Porous Mannitol-PVA Microparticles for Extended Drug Delivery via Spray Drying.Pharmaceutics · 2025Article
- Cyclodextrin-Based Nanotransporters as a Versatile Tool to Manage Oxidative Stress-Induced Lung Diseases.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Development of Mannitol-Based Microparticles for Dry Powder Inhalers: Enhancing Pulmonary Delivery of NSAIDs.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
26 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The pulmonary route has long been used for drug administration for both local and systemic treatment. It possesses several advantages, which can be categorized into physiological, i.e., large surface area, thin epithelial membrane, highly vascularized, limited enzymatic activity, and patient convenience, i.e., non-invasive, self-administration over oral and systemic routes of drug administration. However, the formulation of dry powder for pulmonary delivery is often challenging due to restrictions on aerodynamic size and the lung's lower tolerance capacity in comparison with an oral route of drug administration. Various physicochemical properties of dry powder play a major role in the aerosolization, deposition, and clearance along the respiratory tract. To prepare suitable particles with optimal physicochemical properties for inhalation, various manufacturing methods have been established. The most frequently used industrial methods are milling and spray-drying, while several other alternative methods such as spray-freeze-drying, supercritical fluid, non-wetting templates, inkjet-printing, thin-film freezing, and hot-melt extrusion methods are also utilized. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the respiratory tract structure, particle deposition patterns, and possible drug-clearance mechanisms from the lungs. This review also includes the physicochemical properties of dry powder, various techniques used for the preparation of dry powders, and factors affecting the clinical efficacy, as well as various challenges that need to be addressed in the future.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.