ReviewTrends in neurosciences2021
The Emerging Science of Interoception: Sensing, Integrating, Interpreting, and Regulating Signals within the Self.
Review in Trends in neurosciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06285864 (Sense to Act), which is not on this map. Cited by 328 papers, 8 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Sense to Act: Pilot Randomized-controlled Trial of an Interoceptive Sensibility Intervention for Musculoskeletal Pain
Who cites it
328 citing papers in PubMed, 8 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Interoception in self-harm and suicide: a scoping review and meta-analysis.Nature human behaviour · 2026Pooled it
- Subgenual anterior cingulate cortex in major depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis of MRI studies with patients and healthy controls.Translational psychiatry · 2026Pooled it
- The Effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Interventions for Depressive Symptoms and Their Relationship to Interoceptive Awareness: A Systematic Review.Alpha psychiatry · 2025Pooled it
- The effects of neuromodulation interventions on the eating behaviors of patients with eating disorders compared to healthy controls, sham therapies, and other therapeutic approaches: A systematic review.European psychiatry : the journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists · 2025Pooled it
- Neuroimaging Meta-Analyses Reveal Convergence of Interoception, Emotion, and Social Cognition Across Neurodegenerative Diseases.Biological psychiatry · 2025Pooled it
- Diminished Interoceptive Accuracy in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A Systematic Review.Psychophysiology · 2025Pooled it
- Premonitory urge in tic disorders - a scoping review.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Pooled it
- The mindful leader: a review of leadership qualities derived from mindfulness meditation.Frontiers in psychology · 2024Pooled it
- The Effectiveness of Brief Meditation Assisted with Cardiac Biofeedback on Interoceptive Accuracy, Sensibility and Awareness: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Applied psychophysiology and biofeedback · 2026Trial
- Hunyuan zhuang improves interoception: evidence from an expert-novice study and a pilot randomized controlled trial.Scientific reports · 2026Trial
- Effects of intranasal oxytocin on fear extinction learning.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2025Trial
- Change starts with the body: Interoceptive appreciation mediates the effect of mindfulness training on behavior change - an effect moderated by depression severity.Psychiatry research · 2024Trial
- The next 25 years of cancer research: emerging perspectives and priorities.Nature reviews. Cancer · 2026Article
- Modelling the time-resolved modulations of cardiac activity in rats: A study on pharmacological autonomic stimulation.The Journal of physiology · 2026Article
- Learning the Capacity to Feel Better Through Experiment in a Box (XB): Qualitative Interpretive Description and Prototheory Development of Tuning.JMIR formative research · 2026Article
- Embodied pathways of recovery: interoceptive change and the reduction of depressive symptoms following Tai Chi in women aged 40-55 years.Archives of women's mental health · 2026Article
- Disrupted Functional Network Organization in Crohn's Disease: Interoceptive Alterations Linked to Anxiety.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2026Article
- State-dependent signal flow hierarchy in the human cerebral cortex.Nature neuroscience · 2026Article
- Does Interoceptive Sensibility Mediate the Relationship Between Emotional Distress and Pain Severity? A Cross-Sectional Study in Chronic Pain and Pain-Free Individuals.European journal of pain (London, England) · 2026Article
- The Mind From Within: Visceral Roots of Human Cognition.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Review
268 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Interoception refers to the representation of the internal states of an organism, and includes the processes by which it senses, interprets, integrates, and regulates signals from within itself. This review presents a unified research framework and attempts to offer definitions for key terms to describe the processes involved in interoception. We elaborate on these definitions through illustrative research findings, and provide brief overviews of central aspects of interoception, including the anatomy and function of neural and non-neural pathways, diseases and disorders, manipulations and interventions, and predictive modeling. We conclude with discussions about major research gaps and challenges.
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Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.