Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33377994›Full record

ArticlePharmacological reports : PR2021

Pro-inflammatory cytokines, but not brain- and extracellular matrix-derived proteins, are increased in the plasma following electrically induced kindling of seizures.

Natalia Chmielewska, Piotr Maciejak, Bartosz Osuch, Miron B Kursa, Janusz Szyndler

Open access · hybridAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Pharmacological reports : PR, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
0.9field-weighted citation impact, top 29% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 14 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Review
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  7. Review
  8. Corticotropin Releasing Factor Mediates KThe Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2022
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  9. Cattle BileFrontiers in pharmacology · 2022
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Natalia ChmielewskaDepartment of Neurochemistry, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, Sobieskiego Street 9, 02-957, Warsaw, Poland. nchmielewska@ipin.edu.pl.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9331-8285
Piotr MaciejakDepartment of Neurochemistry, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, Sobieskiego Street 9, 02-957, Warsaw, Poland.
Bartosz OsuchDepartment of Neurochemistry, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, Sobieskiego Street 9, 02-957, Warsaw, Poland.
Miron B KursaInterdisciplinary Centre for Mathematical and Computational Modelling, University of Warsaw, Pawinskiego Street 5A, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland.
Janusz SzyndlerDepartment of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology CePT, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha Street 1B, 02-097, Warsaw, Poland.
Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology · PLMedical University of Warsaw · PLUniversity of Warsaw · PL

Funding

Narodowe Centrum Nauki 2014/13/B/NZ7/02277
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe aim of the study was to evaluate the brain-derived proteins, extracellular matrix-derived protein and cytokines as potential peripheral biomarkers of different susceptibility to seizure development in an animal model of epilepsy evoked by chronic focal electrical stimulation of the brain.

methodsThe plasma levels of IL-1β (interleukin 1β), IL-6 (interleukin 6), UCH-L1 (ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase 1), MMP-9 (matrix metalloproteinase 9), and GFAP (glial fibrillary acidic protein) were assessed. The peripheral concentrations of the selected proteins were analyzed according to the status of kindling and seizure severity parameters. In our study, increased concentrations of plasma IL-1β and IL-6 were observed in rats subjected to hippocampal kindling compared to sham-operated rats.

resultsAnimals that developed tonic-clonic seizures after the last stimulation had higher plasma concentrations of IL-1β and IL-6 than sham-operated rats and rats that did not develop seizure. Elevated levels of IL-1β and IL-6 were observed in rats that presented more severe seizures after the last five stimulations compared to sham-operated animals. A correlation between plasma IL-1β and IL-6 concentrations was also found. On the other hand, the plasma levels of the brain-derived proteins UCH-L1, MMP-9, and GFAP were unaffected by kindling status and seizure severity parameters.

conclusionsThe plasma concentrations of IL-1β and IL-6 may have potential utility as peripheral biomarkers of immune system activation in the course of epilepsy and translational potential for future clinical use. Surprisingly, markers of cell and nerve ending damage (GFAP, UCH-L1 and MMP-9) may have limited utility.

Indexed as

AnimalsBiomarkersCytokinesDisease Models, AnimalEpilepsyExtracellular Matrix ProteinsInterleukin-1betaInterleukin-6Kindling, NeurologicMaleRatsRats, WistarSeizuresBiomarkersCytokinesExtracellular Matrix ProteinsIL1B protein, ratIl6 protein, ratInterleukin-1betaInterleukin-6GFAPHippocampal kindlingMMP-9Peripheral inflammationSeizure susceptibility biomarkerUCH-L1

Identifiers

PMID33377994
PMCPMC7994222
OpenAlexW3114140762

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.