Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33377631›Full record

ArticleESC heart failure2021

Prognostic impact of 6 min walk test distance in patients with systolic heart failure: insights from the WARCEF trial.

Kenji Matsumoto, Yi Xiao, Shunichi Homma, John L P Thompson, Richard Buchsbaum, Kazato Ito, Stefan D Anker, Min Qian, Marco R Di Tullio, WARCEF Investigators

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in ESC heart failure, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
1.2field-weighted citation impact, top 18% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
  2. Article
  3. Prognostic value of quality of life and functional status in patients with heart failure: a systematic review and meta-analysis.The Egyptian heart journal : (EHJ) : official bulletin of the Egyptian Society of Cardiology · 2024
    Review
  4. Review
  5. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Kenji MatsumotoDivision of Cardiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 630 West 168th Street, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
Yi XiaoDepartment of Biostatistics, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA.
Shunichi HommaDivision of Cardiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 630 West 168th Street, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
John L P ThompsonDepartment of Biostatistics, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA.
Richard BuchsbaumDepartment of Biostatistics, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA.
Kazato ItoDivision of Cardiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 630 West 168th Street, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
Stefan D AnkerDepartment of Cardiology (CVK), Berlin Institute of Health Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) partner site Berlin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
Min QianDepartment of Biostatistics, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA.
Marco R Di TullioDivision of Cardiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 630 West 168th Street, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
WARCEF Investigators
Columbia University · USColumbia University Irving Medical Center · USBerlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin · DE

Funding

Warfarin vs. Aspirin in Reduced Ejection Fraction (WARCEF)U01NS043975 · NINDS · UNIV OF MED/DENT OF NJ-NJ MEDICAL SCHOOL · PI HOMMA, SHUNICHI · 2001 to 2010
$43.3M
Warfarin vs Aspirin in Reduced Ejection Fraction -STATU01NS039143 · NINDS · COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES · PI THOMPSON, JOHN L · 2001 to 2010
$21.3M
NINDS NIH HHS U01 NS039143NINDS NIH HHS U01 NS043975
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimsThis study aimed to investigate the impact of baseline 6 min walk test distance (6MWTD) on time to major cardiovascular (CV) events in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and its impact in clinically relevant subgroups. METHODS AND

resultsIn the WARCEF (Warfarin versus Aspirin in Reduced Cardiac Ejection Fraction) trial, 6MWTD at baseline was available in 2102 HFrEF patients. Median follow-up was 3.4 years. All-cause death and heart failure hospitalization (HFH) exhibited a significant non-linear relationship with 6MWTD (P = 0.023 and 0.032, respectively), whereas a significant association between 6MWTD and CV death was shown in a linear model [hazard ratio (HR) per 10 m increase, 0.989; P = 0.011]. In linear splines with the best cut-off point at 200 m, the positive effect of a longer 6MWTD on all-cause death and HFH was only observed for 6MWTD > 200 m (HR per 10 m increase, 0.987; P = 0.0036 and 0.986; P = 0.0022, respectively). The associations between 6MWTD and CV outcomes were consistent across clinical subgroups; for age, a significant relationship between 6MWTD and HFH was observed in patients ≥60 years (HR per 10 m increase, 0.98; P < 0.001), but not in patients <60 years (HR per 10 m increase, 1.00; P = 0.98; P = 0.02 for the interaction).

conclusionsIn HFrEF, 6MWTD is independently associated with all-cause death, CV death, and HFH. 6MWTD of 200 m is the best cut-off point for predicting these adverse events. The prognostic impact of 6MWTD for HFH was only observed in older patients.

Indexed as

Heart Failure, SystolicAgedChildHumansPrognosisStroke VolumeWalk TestWarfarinWarfarin6 min walk testCardiovascular eventHeart failurePrognosis

Identifiers

PMID33377631
PMCPMC8006715
OpenAlexW3117028552

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.