Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33376428›Full record

ArticleRisk management and healthcare policy2020

Risk Factors for Recurrent L4-5 Disc Herniation After Percutaneous Endoscopic Transforaminal Discectomy: A Retrospective Analysis of 654 Cases.

Meng Kong, Derong Xu, Changtong Gao, Kai Zhu, Shuo Han, Hao Zhang, Chuanli Zhou, Xuexiao Ma

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Risk management and healthcare policy, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
39citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
3.9field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

39 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 59 citations in OpenAlex.

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  12. Effect of type 2 diabetes mellitus on patients undergoing percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy: a retrospective propensity score-matched cohort study.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Meng Kong *Department of Spinal Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qing'dao, Shandong Province 266000, People's Republic of China.ORCID 0000-0002-1466-9667
Derong Xu *Department of Spinal Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qing'dao, Shandong Province 266000, People's Republic of China.
Changtong GaoMinimally Invasive Interventional Therapy Center, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qing'dao, Shandong Province 266000, People's Republic of China.
Kai ZhuDepartment of Spinal Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qing'dao, Shandong Province 266000, People's Republic of China.
Shuo HanDepartment of Spinal Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qing'dao, Shandong Province 266000, People's Republic of China.
Hao ZhangDepartment of Spinal Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qing'dao, Shandong Province 266000, People's Republic of China.ORCID 0000-0003-1974-1311
Chuanli ZhouDepartment of Spinal Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qing'dao, Shandong Province 266000, People's Republic of China.
Xuexiao MaDepartment of Spinal Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qing'dao, Shandong Province 266000, People's Republic of China.
Qingdao University · CN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPercutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy (PELD) is an increasingly applied minimally invasive procedure that has several advantages in the treatment of lumbar disc herniation (LDH). However, recurrent LDH (rLDH) has become a concerning postoperative complication. It remains difficult to establish a consensus and draw reliable conclusions regarding the risk factors for rLDH. PURPOSE: This retrospective study aimed to investigate the risk factors associated with rLDH at the L4-5 level after percutaneous endoscopic transforaminal discectomy (PETD).

methodsA total of 654 patients who underwent the PETD procedure at the L4-5 level from October 2013 to January 2020 were divided into a recurrence (R) group (n=46) and a nonrecurrence (N) group (n=608). Demographic and clinical data and imaging parameters were collected and analyzed using univariate and multiple regression analyses.

resultsThe current study found a 7% rate of rLDH at the L4/5 level after successful PETD. Univariate analysis showed that older age, high BMI, diabetes mellitus history, smoking, large physical load intensity, moderate disc degeneration, small muscle-disc ratio (M/D), more fat infiltration, large sagittal range of motion (sROM), scoliosis, small disc height index (DHI), small intervertebral space angle (ISA), and small lumbar lordosis (LL) were potential risk factors (P < 0.10) for LDH recurrence after PETD at the L4-5 level. Multivariate analysis suggested that high BMI, large physical load intensity, moderate disc degeneration, small M/D, more fat infiltration, large sROM, small ISA, and small LL were independent significant risk factors for recurrence of LDH after PETD.

conclusionConsideration of disc degeneration, M/D, fat infiltration of the paravertebral muscles, sROM, ISA, LL, BMI, and physical load intensity prior to surgical intervention may contribute to the prevention of rLDH following PETD and lead to a more satisfactory operative outcome and the development of a reasonable rehabilitation program after discharge.

Indexed as

percutaneous endoscopic transforaminal discectomyrecurrent LDHrisk factor

Identifiers

PMID33376428
PMCPMC7755338
OpenAlexW3112652176

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.