ReviewBiomedicines2020
Can Metformin Exert as an Active Drug on Endothelial Dysfunction in Diabetic Subjects?
Review in Biomedicines, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 65 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
65 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 95 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Impact of Metformin on Vitamin B12 Levels in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Single-Arm Meta-Analysis.Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism · 2026Pooled it
- Gastrointestinal adverse events of metformin treatment in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis with meta-regression of observational studies.BMC endocrine disorders · 2024Pooled it
- Effects of first-line antidiabetic drugs on the improvement of arterial stiffness: A Bayesian network meta-analysis.Journal of diabetes · 2023Pooled it
- Effects of Antidiabetic Drugs on Endothelial Function in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Bayesian Network Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Pooled it
- Gastrointestinal adverse events of metformin treatment in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-regression of randomized controlled trials.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Pooled it
- The Effects of Curcumin on Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2021Pooled it
- Empagliflozin-Metformin Combination Has Antioxidative and Anti-Inflammatory Properties that Correlate with Vascular Protection in Adults with Type 1 Diabetes.Journal of diabetes research · 2022Trial
- Endothelial dysfunction determines vascular mechanisms of metastatic progression in breast cancer.Discover oncology · 2026Review
- Pinitol Improves Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Cellular Damage in Human Dermal Microvascular Endothelial Cells.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Cerebral Small Vessel Disease: Therapeutic Approaches Targeting Neuroinflammation, Oxidative Stress, and Endothelial Dysfunction.Current issues in molecular biology · 2025Review
- Metformin's Effects on Cognitive Function from a Biovariance Perspective: A Narrative Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Comprehensive treatment of diabetic endothelial dysfunction based on pathophysiological mechanism.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Review
- Review
- The positive implication of natural antioxidants on oxidative stress-mediated diabetes mellitus complications.Journal, genetic engineering & biotechnology · 2024Review
- Metformin: Beyond Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.Cureus · 2024Review
- Advances in the Insulin-Heart Axis: Current Therapies and Future Directions.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Pharmacological characterization of the antidiabetic drug metformin in atherosclerosis inhibition: A comprehensive insight.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2024Review
- Metformin synergizes with PD-1 blockade to promote normalization of tumor vessels via CD8T cells and IFNγ.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024Article
- Insulin resistance before type 2 diabetes onset is associated with increased risk of albuminuria after diabetes onset: A prospective cohort study.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2024Article
- View on Metformin: Antidiabetic and Pleiotropic Effects, Pharmacokinetics, Side Effects, and Sex-Related Differences.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
5 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Cardiovascular mortality is a major cause of death among in type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Endothelial dysfunction (ED) is a well-known important risk factor for the development of diabetes cardiovascular complications. Therefore, the prevention of diabetic macroangiopathies by preserving endothelial function represents a major therapeutic concern for all National Health Systems. Several complex mechanisms support ED in diabetic patients, frequently cross-talking each other: uncoupling of eNOS with impaired endothelium-dependent vascular response, increased ROS production, mitochondrial dysfunction, activation of polyol pathway, generation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs), activation of protein kinase C (PKC), endothelial inflammation, endothelial apoptosis and senescence, and dysregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs). Metformin is a milestone in T2DM treatment. To date, according to most recent EASD/ADA guidelines, it still represents the first-choice drug in these patients. Intriguingly, several extraglycemic effects of metformin have been recently observed, among which large preclinical and clinical evidence support metformin's efficacy against ED in T2DM. Metformin seems effective thanks to its favorable action on all the aforementioned pathophysiological ED mechanisms. AMPK pharmacological activation plays a key role, with metformin inhibiting inflammation and improving ED. Therefore, aim of this review is to assess metformin's beneficial effects on endothelial dysfunction in T2DM, which could preempt development of atherosclerosis.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.