ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2020
T Lymphocytes and Testicular Immunity: A New Insight into Immune Regulation in Testes.
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 65 citations in OpenAlex.
- Trans-ethnic GWAS meta-analysis of idiopathic spermatogenic failure highlights the immune-mediated nature of Sertoli cell-only syndrome.Communications biology · 2025Pooled it
- A porcine model of chronic hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection identifies male reproductive glands as sites of viral persistence.Virulence · 2026Article
- High Glucose Supplementation Aggravates Experimental Autoimmune Epididymo-orchitis via Localized Th17 Skewing in the Male Reproductive Tract.American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989) · 2026Article
- Advances in understanding the dual roles of testicular immune responses: From immune privilege to inflammation.Seminars in immunopathology · 2026Review
- Immune-Mediated SARS-CoV-2-Induced Orchitis Leading to Complete Testicular Failure: A Report of a Rare Case.Cureus · 2026Article
- First Evidence of Siglec-10 Localization and Expression in Camel Male Reproductive Tissues and Spermatozoa: Potential Relevance to Fertility.Veterinary sciences · 2025Article
- Effect of Nematodes-Bacteria Complex Metabolites on Cancer and Tumor Progression.Biomolecules · 2025Review
- Immune Regulation in the Testis and Epididymis.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2025Review
- A case of primary testicular adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL): ATLL of immune privileged site.Journal of clinical and experimental hematopathology : JCEH · 2025Article
- Article
- Testicular immunity.Molecular aspects of medicine · 2024Review
- Protective Role of Sphingosine-1-Phosphate During Radiation-Induced Testicular Injury.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- The Role of Cells and Cytokines in Male Infertility Induced by Orchitis.The world journal of men's health · 2024Review
- 9-cis-retinoic acid signaling in Sertoli cells regulates their immunomodulatory function to control lymphocyte physiology and Treg differentiation.Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E · 2024Article
- Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors and Male Fertility: Should Fertility Preservation Options Be Considered before Treatment?Cancers · 2024Review
- Molecular mechanisms of cellular dysfunction in testes from men with non-obstructive azoospermia.Nature reviews. Urology · 2024Review
- Morphology of the immune cells in the wall of the human uterine tube and their possible impact on reproduction-uterine tube as a possible immune privileged organ.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2024Review
- Interleukin inhibitors and the associated risk of candidiasis.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- COVID-19 and Male Infertility: Is There a Role for Antioxidants?Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Cocktails of NSAIDs and 17α Ethinylestradiol at Environmentally Relevant Doses in Drinking Water Alter Puberty Onset in Mice Intergenerationally.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The immune privilege of the testes is necessary to prevent immune attacks to gamete-specific antigens and paternal major histocompatibility complex (MHC) antigens, allowing for normal spermatogenesis. However, infection and inflammation of the male genital tract can break the immune tolerance and represent a significant cause of male infertility. Different T cell subsets have been identified in mammalian testes, which may be involved in the maintenance of immune tolerance and pathogenic immune responses in testicular infection and inflammation. We reviewed the evidence in the published literature on different T subtypes (regulatory T cells, helper T cells, cytotoxic T cells, γδ T cells, and natural killer T cells) in human and animal testes that support their regulatory roles in infertility and the orchitis pathology. While many in vitro studies have indicated the regulation potential of functional T cell subsets and their possible interaction with Sertoli cells, Leydig cells, and spermatogenesis, both under physiological and pathological processes, there have been no in situ studies to date. Nevertheless, the normal distribution and function of T cell subsets are essential for the immune privilege of the testes and intact spermatogenesis, and T cell-mediated immune response drives testicular inflammation. The distinct function of different T cell subsets in testicular homeostasis and the orchitis pathology suggests a considerable potential of targeting specific T cell subsets for therapies targeting chronic orchitis and immune infertility.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.