ArticleJournal of clinical research in pediatric endocrinology2021
Evaluation of Children and Adolescents with Thyroid Nodules: A Single Center Experience
Article in Journal of clinical research in pediatric endocrinology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- Roles of External Factors and Polygenic Susceptibility in Thyroid Nodules and Goiter Among Children Aged 8-10 Years in Iodine-adequate Areas of Northern China.Biological trace element research · 2026Article
- The correlation between fine needle aspiration diagnosis and postoperative histopathological results of pediatric thyroid nodules based on the Bethesda system.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Toward Standardized Management of Indeterminate Thyroid Nodules in Pediatric Patients: A Systematic Review and Call for a Comprehensive Risk Stratification Model.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Characteristics and Clinical Outcomes of Pediatric Thyroid Nodules: An In-depth Analysis from a Single-Center Study in Indonesia.Medical archives (Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina) · 2025Article
- Effects of high fluoride and iodine combined exposure on thyroid nodules and goiter in school-age children in Jiangsu, China.Heliyon · 2024Article
- Potential Association between Subclinical Hypothyroidism and Childhood Migraine.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Objective: We aimed to evaluate the clinical, radiological and pathological findings of children and adolescents with thyroid nodules. Methods: Data of 121 children and adolescent with thyroid nodules and had fine needle aspiration (FNA) were examined retrospectively. Concomitant thyroid disease, ultrasonography (US) features of the nodule, FNA and histopathological results were recorded. FNA results were assessed according to The Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology (TBSRTC). Results: Median (range) age of the cases was 14 (3-18) years and 81% were female. FNA results of patients were: insufficient in 1 (0.8%); benign in 68 (56.2%); indeterminate in 44 (36.4%); and malignant in 8 (6.6%) patients. Among 39 patients who underwent surgery, 10 (25.6%) had differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) and the overall malignancy rate was 10.0% (10/100). Follow-up FNA results showed progress based on TBSRTC in 18.7% of benign results and 4/75 patients had DTC on surgical excision. Two of 22 patients with atypia of undetermined significance (AUS) who continued follow-up was diagnosed with DTC. Male gender, presence of Hashimoto thyroiditis and US findings of uninodularity, hypoechogenicity, increased blood flow, irregular margins, solid structure, microcalcification and presence of abnormal cervical lymph nodes were associated with malignancy. Conclusion: In this study 10% of thyroid nodules were malignant in children and adolescents. Patients with AUS have a 9% potential for malignancy. Patients with initially benign FNA result may have changes on repeat FNA when assessed with TBSTRC indicating a 5.3% false negative rate.
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