Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33372942›Full record

ArticleClinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America2021

The Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Index: Using a Patient-Reported Outcome on Engagement in HIV Care to Explain Suboptimal Retention in Care and Virologic Control.

Katerina A Christopoulos, Torsten B Neilands, Kimberly A Koester, John A Sauceda, Samantha E Dilworth, Michael J Mugavero, Heidi M Crane, Rob J Fredericksen, Edward R Cachay, Kenneth H Mayer and 3 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. The HIV Index Is Associated With Retention in Care Among Latinx Persons Living With HIV in the CFAR Network of Integrated Clinical Systems Cohort.AIDS education and prevention : official publication of the International Society for AIDS Education · 2024
    Article
  4. Article
  5. The Brief Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Index: A Rapid 3-Item Scale to Measure Engagement in HIV Care.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2023
    Article
  6. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Katerina A ChristopoulosDepartment of Medicine, Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
Torsten B NeilandsDepartment of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
Kimberly A KoesterDepartment of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
John A SaucedaDepartment of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
Samantha E DilworthDepartment of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
Michael J MugaveroDepartment of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.
Heidi M CraneDepartment of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Rob J FredericksenDepartment of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Edward R CachayDepartment of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California, USA.
Kenneth H MayerThe Fenway Institute at Fenway Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Richard D MooreDepartment of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Sonia NapravnikDepartment of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
Mallory O JohnsonDepartment of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.

Funding

Clinical and Translational Science InstituteUL1TR001872 · NCATS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI COLLARD, HAROLD R, JACOBY, VANESSA · 2016 to 2025
$112.1M
Unsolicited R24 for the CFAR-Network of Integrated Clinical Sciences, CNICSR24AI067039 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM · PI Michael S. Saag · 2006 to 2026
$99.4M
The impact of HIV viral diversity and cellular immunity on HIV pathogenesisP30AI060354 · NIAID · HARVARD UNIVERSITY (MEDICAL SCHOOL) · PI RAJESH T GANDHI · 2004 to 2026
$94.4M
Virology CoreP30AI027763 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI MALLORY O JOHNSON · 1988 to 2026
$93.6M
Vaccine Response and Immunotherapeutics SWGP30AI094189 · NIAID · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI Richard E. Chaisson · 2012 to 2026
$67.0M
Ujima Mentoring ProgramP30MH062246 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI MALLORY O JOHNSON · 2001 to 2026
$57.4M
John A. Sauceda Research Supplement to Promote Diversity in Health-Related Research to M.O. Johnson's Parent Grant R01 MH102198R01MH102198 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI CHRISTOPOULOS, KATERINA A, JOHNSON, MALLORY O · 2013 to 2017
$3.5M
NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR001872NIAID NIH HHS P30 AI027763NIAID NIH HHS P30 AI060354NIAID NIH HHS P30 AI094189NIAID NIH HHS R24 AI067039NIH HHS R01 MH102198NIMH NIH HHS P30 MH062246
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundWe investigated the prospective association between a brief self-report measure of engagement in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) care (the Index of Engagement in HIV Care; hereafter "Index") and suboptimal retention and viral suppression outcomes.

methodsThe Centers for AIDS Research Network of Integrated Clinical Systems cohort study combines medical record data with patient-reported outcomes from 8 HIV clinics in the United States, which from April 2016 to March 2017 included the 10-item Index. Multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate the risk and odds ratios of mean Index scores on 2 outcomes in the subsequent year: (1) not keeping ≥75% of scheduled HIV care appointments; and (2) for those with viral suppression at Index assessment, having viral load >200 copies/mL on ≥1 measurement. We also used generalized linear mixed models (GLMMs) to estimate the risk and odds ratios of appointment nonattendance or unsuppressed viral load at any given observation. We generated receiver operating characteristic curves for the full models overlaid with the Index as a sole predictor.

resultsThe mean Index score was 4.5 (standard deviation, 0.6). Higher Index scores were associated with lower relative risk of suboptimal retention (n = 2576; logistic regression adjusted risk ratio [aRR], 0.88 [95% confidence interval, .87-.88]; GLMM aRR, 0.85 [.83-.87]) and lack of sustained viral suppression (n = 2499; logistic regression aRR, 0.75 [.68-.83]; GLMM aRR, 0.74 [.68-.80]). The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve for the full models were 0.69 (95% confidence interval, .67-.71) for suboptimal retention and 0.76 (.72-.79) for lack of sustained viral suppression.

conclusionsIndex scores are significantly associated with suboptimal retention and viral suppression outcomes.

Indexed as

Anti-HIV AgentsHIV InfectionsRetention in CareCohort StudiesHIVHumansPatient Reported Outcome MeasuresUnited StatesViral LoadAnti-HIV Agentsengagement in careHIVpatient-reported outcomeretention in careviral suppression

Identifiers

PMID33372942
PMCPMC8492226

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.