ArticleCancer reports (Hoboken, N.J.)2022
Leptomeningeal metastatic cells adopt two phenotypic states.
Article in Cancer reports (Hoboken, N.J.), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 50 citations in OpenAlex.
- Central nervous system involvement in acute lymphoblastic leukemia: pathogenesis and targeted therapy.Leukemia · 2026Review
- The evolving landscape of brain metastasis: volume II.Trends in cancer · 2026Review
- Clinical outcomes and prognostic factors of Ommaya reservoir-based intrathecal chemotherapy in lung cancer leptomeningeal metastasis: a retrospective cohort study.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
- Immunological and pathological characteristics of brain parenchymal and leptomeningeal metastases from non-small cell lung cancer.Cell discovery · 2025Article
- Article
- Beyond the brain: exploring the impact of animal models of leptomeningeal disease from solid tumors.Acta neuropathologica communications · 2025Review
- Leptomeningeal Disease: Current Approaches and Future Directions.Current neurology and neuroscience reports · 2025Review
- ROCK2 Downregulation in Pediatric Medulloblastoma Increases Migration and Predicts the Involvement of SHH Non-canonical Signaling.The Yale journal of biology and medicine · 2025Article
- Case Report: Triple-negative breast cancer with brain and meningeal metastases exhibits spatiotemporal heterogeneity in terms of HER2 expression.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Article
- Article
- Drug delivery in leptomeningeal disease: Navigating barriers and beyond.Drug delivery · 2024Review
- Leptomeningeal metastases from solid tumors: A Society for Neuro-Oncology and American Society of Clinical Oncology consensus review on clinical management and future directions.Neuro-oncology · 2024Review
- Radiotherapy and Systemic Treatment for Leptomeningeal Disease.Biomedicines · 2024Review
- The anatomic basis of leptomeningeal metastasis.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2024Review
- Factors associated with overall survival in breast cancer patients with leptomeningeal disease (LMD): a single institutional retrospective review.Breast cancer research : BCR · 2024Article
- Genomic profiling and pre-clinical modelling of breast cancer leptomeningeal metastasis reveals acquisition of a lobular-like phenotype.Nature communications · 2023Article
- The Spectrum of Headache in Leptomeningeal Metastases: A Comprehensive Review with Clinical Management Guidelines.Current pain and headache reports · 2023Review
- Cerebrospinal fluid circulating tumour DNA genotyping and survival analysis in lung adenocarcinoma with leptomeningeal metastases.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2023Article
- Proton craniospinal irradiation with bevacizumab and pembrolizumab for leptomeningeal disease: a case report.CNS oncology · 2023Article
- HER2+ esophageal carcinoma leptomeningeal metastases treated with intrathecal trastuzumab regimen.CNS oncology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundLeptomeningeal metastasis (LM), or spread of cancer cells into the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), is characterized by a rapid onset of debilitating neurological symptoms and markedly bleak prognosis. The lack of reproducible in vitro and in vivo models has prevented the development of novel, LM-specific therapies. Although LM allows for longitudinal sampling of floating cancer cells with a spinal tap, attempts to culture patient-derived leptomeningeal cancer cells have not been successful.
aimWe, therefore, employ leptomeningeal derivatives of human breast and lung cancer cell lines that reproduce both floating and adherent phenotypes of human LM in vivo and in vitro. METHODS AND
resultsWe introduce a trypsin/EDTA-based fractionation method to reliably separate the two cell subsets and demonstrate that in vitro cultured floating cells have decreased proliferation rate, lower ATP content, and are enriched in distinct metabolic signatures. Long-term fractionation and transcriptomic analysis suggest high degree plasticity between the two phenotypes in vitro. Floating cells colonize mouse leptomeninges more rapidly and associate with shortened survival. In addition, patients harboring LM diagnosed with CSF disease alone succumbed to the disease earlier than patients with adherent (MRI positive) disease.
conclusionTogether, these data support mechanistic evidence of a metabolic adaptation that allows cancer cells to thrive in their natural environment but leads to death in vitro.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.