ArticleBMJ open2020
Anxiety and depressive symptoms are associated with poor sleep health during a period of COVID-19-induced nationwide lockdown: a cross-sectional analysis of adults in Jordan.
Article in BMJ open, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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29 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 65 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association of sleep duration and risk of mental disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung · 2024Pooled it
- Prevalence of anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review and meta-analysis of over 2 million people.Journal of affective disorders · 2022Pooled it
- Sleep disturbances during the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression.Sleep medicine reviews · 2022Pooled it
- What can internet users' behaviours reveal about the mental health impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic? A systematic review.Public health · 2021Pooled it
- A longitudinal study of mental health before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in Syrian refugees.European journal of psychotraumatology · 2021Trial
- Examining the burden of mental disorders in Jordan: an ecological study over three decades.BMC psychiatry · 2025Article
- The association between sleep quality and anxiety symptoms: a cross-sectional study based on Tibetan university students at high altitude in China.Frontiers in psychology · 2025Article
- The effect of a prosocial environment on health and well-being during the first COVID-19 lockdown and a year later.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Psychological well-being, food insecurity, academic performance and other risk factors in a sample of university students in Jordan during COVID-19.Journal of nutritional science · 2024Article
- COVID-19-Evidence of the Impact of Literacy and Salutogenic Behaviours in Positive Mental Health: A Cross-Sectional Study.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Psychological impact of COVID-19 among undergraduate students in Jordan: A cross-sectional study.Health science reports · 2023Article
- Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Mental Health among the Population in Jordan.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Review
- Associations of the perceived benefits and harms of COVID-19 with confidence in coping with the pandemic and mental health symptoms: a population-based survey in Hong Kong.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- Effects of interpersonal sensitivity on depressive symptoms in postgraduate students during the COVID-19 pandemic: Psychological capital and sleep quality as mediators.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2023Article
- Perceived risk of COVID-19 exposure and poor COVID-19 prognosis impair sleep: The mediating and moderating roles of COVID-19-related anxiety and knowledge.Journal of sleep research · 2022Article
- COVID-19 related psychological burden and potential benefits of vaccination - Data from a repeated cross-sectional survey in healthcare workers.Psychiatry research communications · 2022Article
- Overview of sleep management during COVID-19.Sleep medicine · 2022Review
- Staying Physically Active Is Associated with Better Mental Health and Sleep Health Outcomes during the Initial Period of COVID-19 Induced Nation-Wide Lockdown in Jordan.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Article
- Intra-individual impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health and sleep in young adults.PloS one · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundJordan, a Middle Eastern country, declared a state of national emergency due to COVID-19 and a strict nationwide lockdown on 17 March 2020, banning all travel and movement around the country, potentially impacting mental health. This study sought to investigate the association between mental health (eg, anxiety and depressive symptoms) and sleep health among a sample of Jordanians living through a state of COVID-19-induced nationwide lockdown.
methodsUsing Facebook, participants (n=1240) in Jordan in March 2020 were recruited and direct to a web-based survey measuring anxiety (items from General Anxiety Disorder 7-item (GAD-7) scale instrument), depressive symptoms (items from Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale), sleep health (items from the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index) and sociodemographic. A modified Poisson regression model with robust error variance. Adjusted prevalence ratios (aPRs) and 95% CIs were estimated to examine how anxiety and depressive symptoms may affect different dimensions of sleep health: (1) poor sleep quality, (2) short sleep duration, (3) encountering sleep problems.
resultsThe majority of participants reported having experienced mild (33.8%), moderate (12.9%) or severe (6.3%) levels of anxiety during lockdown, and nearly half of respondents reported depressive symptoms during lockdown. Similarly, over 60% of participants reported having experienced at least one sleep problem in the last week, and nearly half reported having had short sleep duration. Importantly, anxiety was associated with poor sleep health outcomes. For example, corresponding to the dose-response relationship between anxiety and sleep health outcomes, those reporting severe anxiety were the most likely to experience poor sleep quality (aPR =8.95; 95% CI=6.12 to 13.08), short sleep duration (aPR =2.23; 95% CI=1.91 to 2.61) and at least one problem sleep problem (aPR=1.73; 95% CI=1.54 to 1.95). Moreover, depressive symptoms were also associated with poor sleep health outcomes. As compared with scoring in the first quartile, scoring fourth quartile was associated with poor sleep quality (aPR=11.82; 95% CI=6.64 to 21.04), short sleep duration (aPR=1.87; 95% CI=1.58 to 2.22), and experiencing at least one sleep problem (aPR=1.90; 95% CI=1.66 to 2.18).
conclusionsIncreased levels of anxiety and depressive symptoms can negatively influence sleep health among a sample of Jordanian adults living in a state of COVID-19-induced nationwide lockdown.
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