ArticlePLoS neglected tropical diseases2020
Immunohistological detection of small particles of Echinococcus multilocularis and Echinococcus granulosus in lymph nodes is associated with enlarged lymph nodes in alveolar and cystic echinococcosis.
Article in PLoS neglected tropical diseases, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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12 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Small particles of Echinococcus granulosus (spegs) and Echinococcus multilocularis (spems) promote follicular T helper cell expansion and are associated with IgE and IgG4 class switching in human lymph nodes.Parasites & vectors · 2026Article
- [Pathology of echinococcosis : A non-neoplastic tumour-like lesion of the liver].Pathologie (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Laminated Layer Extract from Echinococcus Granulosus cyst Attenuates Ocular Damages and Inflammatory Responses in an Experimental Autoimmune Uveitis Model.Acta parasitologica · 2025Article
- A Comprehensive Analysis ofPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Identification and characterization of the elusive protein backbone of the immuno-dominant and species-specific Em2(G11) metacestode antigen ofFrontiers in parasitology · 2025Article
- Expression and serodiagnostic efficacy of a novel echinococcosis-specific recombinant fusion antigen rAgB8/1-Em18-Eg95.Parasitology · 2024Article
- Fifty-five cases of hepatic alveolar echinococcosis combined with lymph node metastasis: A retrospective study.World journal of gastroenterology · 2024Article
- Mucins Shed from the Laminated Layer in Cystic Echinococcosis Are Captured by Kupffer Cells via the Lectin Receptor Clec4F.Infection and immunity · 2023Article
- Immunology of a unique biological structure: the Echinococcus laminated layer.Protein & cell · 2023Article
- Monoclonal antibody-based localization of major diagnostic antigens in metacestode tissue, excretory/secretory products, and extracellular vesicles ofFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2023Article
- Alveolar Echinococcosis-A Challenging Task for the Hepatobiliary Surgeon.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Morphological Characteristics of Alveolar and Cystic Echinococcosis Lesions in Human Liver and Bone.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
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14 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
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Abstract
backgroundAlveolar (AE) and cystic echinococcosis (CE) in humans are caused by the metacestode of the tapeworms Echinococcus multilocularis and Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato (s.l.). Immunohistochemistry with the monoclonal antibodies (mAb) Em2G11, specific for AE, and the mAb EmG3, specific for AE and CE, is an important pillar of the histological diagnosis of these two infections. Our aim was to further evaluate mAb EmG3 in a diagnostic setting and to analyze in detail the localization, distribution, and impact of small particles of Echinococcus multilocularis (spems) and small particles of Echinococcus granulosus s.l. (spegs) on lymph nodes. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL
findingsWe evaluated the mAb EmG3 in a cohort of formalin-fixed, paraffin embedded (FFPE) specimens of AE (n = 360) and CE (n = 178). These samples originated from 156 AE-patients and 77 CE-patients. mAb EmG3 showed a specific staining of the metacestode stadium of E. multilocularis and E. granulosus s.l. and had a higher sensitivity for spems than mAb Em2G11. Furthermore, we detected spegs in the surrounding host tissue and in almost all tested lymph nodes (39/41) of infected patients. 38/47 lymph nodes of AE showed a positive reaction for spems with mAb EmG3, whereas 29/47 tested positive when stained with mAb Em2G11. Spegs were detected in the germinal centers, co-located with CD23-positive follicular dendritic cells, and were present in the sinuses. Likewise, lymph nodes with spems and spegs in AE and CE were significantly enlarged in size in comparison to the control group. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: mAb EmG3 is specific for AE and CE and is a valuable tool in the histological diagnosis of echinococcosis. Based on the observed staining patterns, we hypothesize that the interaction between parasite and host is not restricted to the main lesion since spegs are detected in lymph nodes. Moreover, in AE the number of spems-affected lymph nodes is higher than previously assumed. The enlargement of lymph nodes with spems and spegs points to an immunological interaction with the small immunogenic particles (spems and spegs) of Echinococcus spp.
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