ArticleEuropean journal of neurology2021
Biomarkers for central nervous system injury in cerebrospinal fluid are elevated in COVID-19 and associated with neurological symptoms and disease severity.
Article in European journal of neurology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 79 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
79 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 140 citations in OpenAlex.
- Headaches and facial pain attributed to SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination: a systematic review.European journal of neurology · 2024Pooled it
- Systematic review and evidence gap mapping of biomarkers associated with neurological manifestations in patients with COVID-19.Journal of neurology · 2024Pooled it
- Blood Biomarkers as Prognostic Indicators for Neurological Injury in COVID-19 Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Pooled it
- Prognostic performance of blood neurofilament light chain protein in hospitalized COVID-19 patients without major central nervous system manifestations: an individual participant data meta-analysis.Journal of neurology · 2023Pooled it
- Imaging Markers of Neurologic Damage in COVID-19: A Systematic Review.Current medicinal chemistry · 2023Pooled it
- Cerebrospinal fluid analysis in patients with COVID-19-associated central nervous system manifestations: a systematic review.Arquivos de neuro-psiquiatria · 2022Pooled it
- What can the neurological manifestations of COVID-19 tell us: a meta-analysis.Journal of translational medicine · 2021Pooled it
- Acute haemorrhagic necrotizing encephalopathy and inflammatory demyelinating encephalopathy associated with COVID-19 in adults in Southern China.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Comparison of cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers in patients with severe COVID-19 neurological outcomes and Alzheimer's disease.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2025Article
- Impact of COVID-19 on long-term outcomes in Parkinson's disease.European journal of neurology · 2025Article
- Plasma proteomic evidence for increased β-amyloid pathology after SARS-CoV-2 infection.Nature medicine · 2025Article
- Neurological, psychological, psychosocial complications of long-COVID and their management.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2025Review
- Neuropsychiatric Burden of SARS-CoV-2: A Review of Its Physiopathology, Underlying Mechanisms, and Management Strategies.Viruses · 2024Review
- Prevalent and persistent new-onset autoantibodies in mild to severe COVID-19.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Decreased Cerebral Creatine and N-Acetyl Aspartate Concentrations after Severe COVID-19 Infection: A Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Article
- Neurofilament light chain and glial fibrillary acid protein levels are elevated in post-mild COVID-19 or asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 cases.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Viral Infections, Are They a Trigger and Risk Factor of Alzheimer's Disease?Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Cognitive decline in post-COVID-19 syndrome does not correspond with persisting neuronal or astrocytic damage.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Prediction of clinical progression in nervous system diseases: plasma glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP).European journal of medical research · 2024Review
19 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
background and purposeNeurological symptoms have been frequently reported in hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and biomarkers of central nervous system (CNS) injury are reported to be increased in plasma but not extensively studied in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). This study examined CSF for biomarkers of CNS injury and other pathology in relation to neurological symptoms and disease severity in patients with neurological manifestations of COVID-19.
methodsNineteen patients with neurological symptoms and mild to critical COVID-19 were prospectively included. Extensive analysis of CSF, including measurement of biomarkers of CNS injury (neurofilament light chain [NfL] protein, glial fibrillary acidic protein [GFAp], and total tau), was performed and compared to neurological features and disease severity.
resultsNeurological symptoms included altered mental status (42%), headache (42%), and central (21%) and peripheral weakness (32%). Two patients demonstrated minor pleocytosis, and four patients had increased immunoglobulin G levels in CSF. Neuronal autoantibody testing using commercial tests was negative in all patients. Increased CSF levels of NfL protein, total tau, and GFAp were seen in 63%, 37%, and 16% of patients, respectively. Increased NfL protein correlated with disease severity, time in intensive care, and level of consciousness. NfL protein in CSF was higher in patients with central neurological symptoms.
conclusionsAlthough limited by the small sample size, our data suggest that levels of NfL protein, GFAp, and total tau in CSF are commonly elevated in patients with COVID-19 with neurological symptoms. This is in contrast to the standard CSF workup where pathological findings are scarce. NfL protein, in particular, is associated with central neurological symptoms and disease severity.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.