Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33369811›Full record

ArticleHealth & social care in the community2021

Using community-based participatory research to address STI/HIV disparities and social determinants of health among young GBMSM and transgender women of colour in North Carolina, USA.

Lilli Mann-Jackson, Jorge Alonzo, Manuel Garcia, Scott Trent, Jonathan Bell, Danielle N Horridge, Scott D Rhodes

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Health & social care in the community, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
30citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
4.9field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

30 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 40 citations in OpenAlex.

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  12. Barriers to HIV Care among Transgender Sex Workers of Colour in the USA and Canada: An Intersectional Scoping Review.International journal of sexual health : official journal of the World Association for Sexual Health · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Lilli Mann-JacksonDepartment of Social Sciences and Health Policy, CTSI Program in Community-Engaged Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-7088-4097
Jorge AlonzoDepartment of Social Sciences and Health Policy, CTSI Program in Community-Engaged Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.
Manuel GarciaDepartment of Social Sciences and Health Policy, CTSI Program in Community-Engaged Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.
Scott TrentTriad Health Project, Greensboro, NC, USA.
Jonathan BellUniversity of North Carolina Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
Danielle N HorridgeDepartment of Social Sciences and Health Policy, CTSI Program in Community-Engaged Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.
Scott D RhodesDepartment of Social Sciences and Health Policy, CTSI Program in Community-Engaged Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.
Wake Forest University · USTriad National Security (United States) · USUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel Hill · US

Funding

Wake Forest Clinical and Translational Science AwardUL1TR001420 · NCATS · WAKE FOREST UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES · PI ARD, JAMY D, FOLEY, KRISTIE L · 2015 to 2023
$32.3M
Targeted PrEP Implementation: Interrupting HIV Transmission Among Young Black MSMU01PS005115 · PS · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI FIELDS, ERROL L · 2016 to 2019
$1.4M
ACL HHS U01PS005115NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR001420NCHHSTP CDC HHS U01 PS005115
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and HIV disproportionately affect young persons; gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men (GBMSM) and transgender women; persons of colour; and the U.S. South. Complex issues contribute to these high STI/HIV rates. Our community-based participatory research (CBPR) partnership conducted a community-driven needs assessment to inform an intervention addressing STI/HIV disparities and related social determinants of health (SDH) among young GBMSM and transgender women of colour in a high-incidence STI/HIV community in North Carolina. In 2018, in-depth interviews were conducted with 21 community members and 29 community organisation representatives to explore needs, priorities and assets. Interview data were analysed using constant comparison, an approach to grounded theory, and an empowerment theory-based planning process was used to develop multilevel intervention strategies based on findings. Thirteen themes emerged from the interviews that were organised into five domains: health (e.g., limited health services use; need for lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender [LGBT]-friendly providers; prioritisation of mental health and gender transition and limited knowledge of and access to pre-exposure prophylaxis [PrEP] for HIV); employment (e.g., employment as a priority and relying on sex work to 'make ends meet'); education (e.g., barriers to education and needs for training to improve employment opportunities); social support (e.g., few welcoming activities and groups; strong informal support networks and little interaction between GBMSM and transgender women) and discrimination (e.g., frequent experiences of discrimination and the impact of frontline staff on services use). Three strategies - community-based peer navigation, use of social media, and anti-discrimination trainings for organisations - were identified and integrated into a new intervention known as Impact Triad. CBPR was successfully applied to identify needs, priorities and assets and develop a multilevel intervention focused on health disparities and SDH among young GBMSM and transgender women of colour in the U.S. South.

Indexed as

HIV InfectionsSexual and Gender MinoritiesSexually Transmitted DiseasesTransgender PersonsCommunity-Based Participatory ResearchFemaleHomosexuality, MaleHumansMaleNorth CarolinaSkin PigmentationSocial Determinants of HealthUnited StatesCBPRLGBTpersons of coloursocial determinants of healthSTIs/HIVyoung persons

Identifiers

PMID33369811
PMCPMC8451894
OpenAlexW3114599361

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.