ArticleJournal of the National Cancer Institute2021
Central Adiposity and Subsequent Risk of Breast Cancer by Menopause Status.
Article in Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- Obesity and Risk of Pre- and Postmenopausal Breast Cancer in Africa: A Systematic Review.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2025Pooled it
- The relationship between central obesity and risk of breast cancer: a dose-response meta-analysis of 7,989,315 women.Frontiers in nutrition · 2023Pooled it
- Effect of High-Intensity Interval Training Combined with Fasting in the Treatment of Overweight and Obese Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Pooled it
- Adverse childhood experiences, adult adiposity, and risk of young-onset breast cancer subtypes in a population-based case-control study.Cancer causes & control : CCC · 2026Article
- Influence of obesity on breast cancer development in relation to menopausal status (Review).Molecular and clinical oncology · 2026Review
- Dietary restriction genes as modulators of breast cancer risk through metabolic pathways.Lipids in health and disease · 2026Article
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- Central and peripheral adiposity and premenopausal breast cancer risk: a pooled analysis of 440,179 women.Breast cancer research : BCR · 2025Article
- Culinary medicine in medical education: a pilot study targeting cancer risk reduction strategies through culinary and lifestyle medicine education.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- Adiposity throughout Adulthood and Risk of Young-Onset Breast Cancer Tumor Subtypes in the Young Women's Health History Study.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2024Article
- Adiposity, Body Composition Measures, and Breast Cancer Risk in Korean Premenopausal Women.JAMA network open · 2024Article
- One-year trajectories of nutritional status in perimenopausal women: a community-based multi-centered prospective study.BMC public health · 2024Observational
- Application of SHAP for Explainable Machine Learning on Age-Based Subgrouping Mammography Questionnaire Data for Positive Mammography Prediction and Risk Factor Identification.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- mTOR pathway candidate genes and obesity interaction on breast cancer risk in black women from the Women's Circle of Health Study.Cancer causes & control : CCC · 2023Article
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- Is early-onset cancer an emerging global epidemic? Current evidence and future implications.Nature reviews. Clinical oncology · 2022Review
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- Article
- Occupational risk factors and breast cancer in Beijing, China: a hospital-based case-control study.BMJ open · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundIncreased body mass index (BMI) is associated with higher postmenopausal breast cancer risk and lower premenopausal breast cancer risk. Less is known about the central adiposity-breast cancer risk association, particularly for tumor subtypes.
methodsWe used prospective waist (WC) and hip circumference (HC) measures in the Nurses' Health Studies. We examined associations of WC, HC, and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) with breast cancer independent of BMI, by menopausal status. Cox proportional hazards models estimated the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) adjusting for breast cancer risk factors, with and without BMI.
resultsAdjusting for BMI, WC and HC were not associated, and WHR was positively associated with premenopausal breast cancer risk (WHR, quintile 5 vs 1: HRQ5vQ1, BMI-adjusted = 1.27, 95% CI = 1.04 to 1.54; Ptrend = .01), particularly for estrogen receptor-negative (ER-) and progesterone receptor-negative (PR-) and basal-like breast cancers. Premenopausal WC, HC, and WHR were not associated with postmenopausal breast cancer risk, with or without BMI adjustment. Postmenopausal WC, HC, and WHR were each positively associated with postmenopausal breast cancer (eg, WC HRQ5vsQ1 = 1.59, 95% CI = 1.36 to 1.86); after adjustment for BMI, only WC remained statistically significant (HRQ5vsQ1, BMI-adjusted = 1.38, 95% CI = 1.15 to 1.64; Ptrend = .002). In postmenopausal women, associations were stronger among never-users of hormone therapy and for ER+/PR+ breast cancers.
conclusionsCentral adiposity was positively associated with pre- and postmenopausal breast cancers independent of BMI. This suggests that mechanisms other than estrogen may also play a role in the relationship between central adiposity and breast cancer. Maintaining a healthy waist circumference may decrease pre- and postmenopausal breast cancer risk.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.