ArticleClinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America2021
Seroprevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis Among Female Adults in the United States: The National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys.
Article in Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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11 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- Female Sex Workers in the Amazon Region of Brazil Are at High Risk ofMicroorganisms · 2025Article
- Comparison of Chlamydia trachomatis Seroprevalence and Risk Factors for Infection Among Women by Gender/Sex of Sex Partner, United States, 2013-2016.Sexually transmitted diseases · 2025Article
- Cross-sectional study on the seroprevalence, reinfection, and associated factors of Chlamydia trachomatis among female sex workers in Guangdong Province, China.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Chlamydia trachomatis Seroassays Used in Epidemiologic Research: A Narrative Review and Practical Considerations.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2024Review
- Trends inSexually transmitted infections · 2024Article
- The serodiagnositic value ofFrontiers in public health · 2024Article
- Association between serumFrontiers in public health · 2023Article
- Exposure toVaccines · 2022Article
- GenitalMicroorganisms · 2021Article
- High Plasmid Gene Protein 3 (Pgp3) Chlamydia trachomatis Seropositivity, Pelvic Inflammatory Disease, and Infertility Among Women, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, United States, 2013-2016.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2021Article
- Seroepidemiology ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2021Article
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6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundChlamydia trachomatis is the most common nationally notifiable sexually transmitted infection in the United States; however, the seroprevalence of C. trachomatis infection is unknown.
methodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted among 1725 females aged 18 to 39 years who provided serum and urine samples in the 2013 through 2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys. Presence of anti-C. trachomatis Pgp3 immunoglobulin G (IgG) was determined using both an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and multiplex bead array (MBA). Weighted seroprevalence estimates were calculated. Correlates of seroprevalence were examined by multivariable Poisson regression.
resultsIn 2013 through 2016, overall seroprevalence of C. trachomatis Pgp3 IgG was 30.0% (95% confidence interval [CI], 25.5-35.0) as measured by ELISA and 29.4% (95% CI, 25.8-33.0) as measured by the MBA assay. Overall agreement between tests was 87.1% (1503/1725). There was a high positive agreement by the MBA assay with current detection of chlamydia in urine (86% [36/42]), a past-year diagnosis of chlamydia (81.8% [27/33]), and a history of treatment for pelvic inflammatory disease (60.7% [37/61]). Seroprevalence of C. trachomatis Pgp3 IgG, as measured by MBA, was significantly higher among non-Hispanic Blacks (68.0%; adjusted prevalence ratio (aPR) = 2.7 [95% CI, 2.3-3.3]), Mexican Americans (30.9%; aPR = 1.5 [95% CI, 1.2-1.9]), and other Hispanics (35.0%; aPR = 1.9 [95% CI, 1.4-2.5]) compared with non-Hispanic Whites (21.4%). A higher lifetime number of sexual partners and a younger age at sexual debut was also associated with higher seroprevalence.
conclusionBoth the ELISA and MBA serologic assays revealed a high prevalence of antibodies to C. trachomatis Pgp3 in young adult females in the US household population. There were major racial/ethnic disparities in exposure to C. trachomatis, with increased vulnerability among non-Hispanic Black females.
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