ReviewFrontiers in nutrition2020
Zinc, Vitamin D and Vitamin C: Perspectives for COVID-19 With a Focus on Physical Tissue Barrier Integrity.
Review in Frontiers in nutrition, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 49 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
49 citing papers in PubMed, 106 citations in OpenAlex.
- Determination of Serum Levels of Interleukin-6 and the Trace Element Zinc According to the Clinical Status of Patients With COVID-19.Interdisciplinary perspectives on infectious diseases · 2025Article
- The "Magnificent Seven" in Oral and Systemic Health against COVID-19.Endocrine, metabolic & immune disorders drug targets · 2025Review
- Immuno-epigenetic paradigms in coronavirus infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Boosting immunity: synergistic antiviral effects of luteolin, vitamin C, magnesium and zinc against SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro.Bioscience reports · 2024Article
- Dietary patterns and micronutrients in respiratory infections including COVID-19: a narrative review.BMC public health · 2024Review
- Potential Complementary Effect of Zinc andNutrients · 2024Review
- Vitamin D supplementation in a post-pandemic era: A narrative review.South African family practice : official journal of the South African Academy of Family Practice/Primary Care · 2023Review
- The Effect of Vit-D Supplementation on the Side Effect of BioNTech, Pfizer Vaccination and Immunoglobulin G Response Against SARS-CoV-2 in the Individuals Tested Positive for COVID-19: A Randomized Control Trial.Clinical nutrition research · 2023Article
- A study on the effect of natural products against the transmission of B.1.1.529 Omicron.Virology journal · 2023Review
- The association between dietary intakes of zinc, vitamin C and COVID-19 severity and related symptoms: A cross-sectional study.Clinical nutrition ESPEN · 2023Article
- COVID-19 Severity Is Associated with Selenium Intake among Young Adults with Low Selenium and Zinc Intake in North Carolina.Current developments in nutrition · 2023Article
- Involvement of epigenetics in affecting host immunity during SARS-CoV-2 infection.Biochimica et biophysica acta. Molecular basis of disease · 2023Review
- COVID-19 infection and metabolic comorbidities: Mitigating role of nutritional sufficiency and drug - nutraceutical combinations of vitamin D.Human nutrition & metabolism · 2023Review
- Preparation of Zn-Gly and Se-Gly and Their Effects on the Nutritional Quality of Tea (Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- An overview on role of nutrition on COVID-19 immunity: Accumulative review from available studies.Clinical nutrition open science · 2023Review
- Modifiable contributing factors to COVID-19: A comprehensive review.Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association · 2023Review
- Association of dietary intake of polyphenols, lignans, and phytosterols with immune-stimulating microbiota and COVID-19 risk in a group of Polish men and women.Frontiers in nutrition · 2023Article
- Rapid and sensitive determination of ascorbic acid based on label-free silver triangular nanoplates.Current research in food science · 2023Article
- Article
- Effects of vitamin C and D on the mRNA expression of angiotensin converting enzyme 2 receptor, cathepsin L, and transmembrane serine protease in the mouse lungs.The Libyan journal of medicine · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Some nutrients play key roles in maintaining the integrity and function of the immune system, presenting synergistic actions in steps determinant for the immune response. Among these elements, zinc and vitamins C and D stand out for having immunomodulatory functions and for playing roles in preserving physical tissue barriers. Considering the COVID-19 pandemic, nutrients that can optimize the immune system to prevent or lower the risk of severe progression and prognosis of this viral infection become relevant. Thus, the present review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the roles of zinc and vitamins C and D in the immune response to viral infections, focusing on the synergistic action of these nutrients in the maintenance of physical tissue barriers, such as the skin and mucous membranes. The evidence found in the literature shows that deficiency of one or more of these three elements compromises the immune response, making an individual more vulnerable to viral infections and to a worse disease prognosis. Thus, during the COVID-19 pandemic, the adequate intake of zinc and vitamins C and D may represent a promising pharmacological tool due to the high demand for these nutrients in the case of contact with the virus and onset of the inflammatory process. Ongoing clinical trials will help to clarify the role of these nutrients for COVID-19 management.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.