ReviewFrontiers in pharmacology2020
PB28, the Sigma-1 and Sigma-2 Receptors Modulator With Potent Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Activity: A Review About Its Pharmacological Properties and Structure Affinity Relationships.
Review in Frontiers in pharmacology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- In Vitro Analysis and Dynamic Modeling of SARS-CoV-2 Infection Inhibition by Sigma-1 Receptor Antagonist PB28.Bulletin of mathematical biology · 2026Article
- A Full-Spectrum Evaluation of Sigma-1 Receptor (S1R) Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Radioligands from Binding Affinity to Clinical Imaging.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Recent Advances in the Development of Sigma Receptor (Radio)Ligands and Their Application in Tumors.ACS pharmacology & translational science · 2025Review
- Broad-spectrum antiviral activity of the sigma-1 receptor antagonist PB28 against coronaviruses.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Article
- The IRE1α-XBP1 arm of the unfolded protein response is a host factor activated in SARS-CoV-2 infection.Biochimica et biophysica acta. Molecular basis of disease · 2024Article
- A conformational rearrangement of the SARS-CoV-2 host protein sigma-1 is required for antiviral activity: insights from a combined in-silico/in-vitro approach.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Development of Fluorescent 4-[4-(3Journal of medicinal chemistry · 2023Article
- Article
- Therapeutics of Alzheimer's Disease: Recent Developments.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Application of emetine in SARS-CoV-2 treatment: regulation of p38 MAPK signaling pathway for preventing emetine-induced cardiac complications.Cell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.) · 2022Article
- Accurate prediction of virus-host protein-protein interactions via a Siamese neural network using deep protein sequence embeddings.Patterns (New York, N.Y.) · 2022Article
- Exploration of Diazaspiro Cores as Piperazine Bioisosteres in the Development of σ2 Receptor Ligands.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Different Aspects of Emetine's Capabilities as a Highly Potent SARS-CoV-2 Inhibitor against COVID-19.ACS pharmacology & translational science · 2022Review
- Intracellular dynamics of the Sigma-1 receptor observed with super-resolution imaging microscopy.PloS one · 2022Article
- Structures of the SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein and applications for novel drug development.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Review
- Biophysical Evaluation and In Vitro Controlled Release of Two Isomeric Adamantane Phenylalkylamines with Antiproliferative/Anticancer and Analgesic Activity.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Structures of the σNature · 2021Article
- TMEM97 ablation aggravates oxidant-induced retinal degeneration.Cellular signalling · 2021Article
- Recent Advances in the Development of Sigma Receptor Ligands as Cytotoxic Agents: A Medicinal Chemistry Perspective.Journal of medicinal chemistry · 2021Review
- σMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
These unprecedented times have forced the scientific community to gather to face the COVID-19 pandemic. Efforts in diverse directions have been made. A multi-university team has focused on the identification of the host (human) proteins interacting with SARS-CoV-2 viral proteins, with the aim of hampering these interactions that may cause severe COVID-19 symptoms. Sigma-1 and sigma-2 receptors surprisingly belong to the "druggable" host proteins found, with the pan-sigma receptor modulator PB28 displaying the most potent anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity in in vitro assays. Being 20-fold more active than hydroxychloroquine, without cardiac side effects, PB28 is a promising antiviral candidate worthy of further investigation. Our research group developed PB28 in 1996 and have thoroughly characterized its biological properties since then. Structure-affinity relationship (SAfiR) studies at the sigma receptor subtypes were also undertaken with PB28 as the lead compound. We herein report our knowledge of PB28 to share information that may help to gain insight into the antiviral action of this compound and sigma receptors, while providing structural hints that may speed up the translation into therapeutics of this class of ligands.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.