Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33364596›Full record

ArticleMetabolism open2021

Factors affecting self-medication practices among people living with type 2 diabetes in India- A systematic review.

Rahul Krishna Puvvada, Sabrina Gupta, Clarice Y Tang, Anwar N Althubyani, Markandeya Jois, Peter Higgs, M Ramesh, Jency Thomas

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Metabolism open, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Patient and Carer Understandings and Experiences of Living With Type 2 Diabetes in India.Health expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy · 2025
    Article
  3. Using 17Journal of diabetes and metabolic disorders · 2023
    Article
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Rahul Krishna PuvvadaDepartment of Physiology, Anatomy and Microbiology, College of Science, Health and Engineering, La Trobe University, Australia.
Sabrina GuptaDepartment of Public Health, College of Science, Health and Engineering, La Trobe University, Australia.
Clarice Y TangDepartment of Physiotherapy, School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, Australia.
Anwar N AlthubyaniDepartment of Physiology, Anatomy and Microbiology, College of Science, Health and Engineering, La Trobe University, Australia.
Markandeya JoisDepartment of Physiology, Anatomy and Microbiology, College of Science, Health and Engineering, La Trobe University, Australia.
Peter HiggsDepartment of Public Health, College of Science, Health and Engineering, La Trobe University, Australia.
M RameshJSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India.
Jency ThomasDepartment of Physiology, Anatomy and Microbiology, College of Science, Health and Engineering, La Trobe University, Australia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Self-medication practices of type 2 diabetes in India include the use of both traditional and western medications. It is important to understand the factors influencing self-medication. A total of 3257 studies were screened and nine studies (six quantitative and three qualitative) were included. The Hawker tool and Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal tool were used to assess the quality of studies. The findings of the quantitative studies were descriptively analysed while thematic analysis was performed to identify key themes from the qualitative studies. The analysis indicated that participants had greater trust in traditional medications regardless of their socioeconomic and/or educational backgrounds as these were often recommended by friends and family members. Low cost, ease of availability and perceived lower side effects of traditional medications were some of the factors contributing to greater trust. It is suggested that ongoing management of type 2 diabetes requires stringent policies and regulations in the dispensing of traditional and western medications. Continual education to inform people on the use of self-medications and its possible adverse effects is also required.

Indexed as

AdherenceIndiaSelf-medicationSystematic reviewTraditional medicationType 2 diabetes

Identifiers

PMID33364596
PMCPMC7753190

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.