Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33364402›Full record

ArticleLaryngoscope investigative otolaryngology2020

Laryngeal complications of COVID-19.

Matthew R Naunheim, Allen S Zhou, Elefteria Puka, Ramon A Franco, Thomas L Carroll, Stephanie E Teng, Pavan S Mallur, Phillip C Song

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Laryngoscope investigative otolaryngology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 42 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
42citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
9.7field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

42 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 104 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Is COVID-19 Infection A Risk Factor for Intubation-Related Acquired Airway Stenosis?Otolaryngology--head and neck surgery : official journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery · 2026
    Article
  4. Intubated COVID-19 Patients More Likely to Develop Subglottic Stenosis.Laryngoscope investigative otolaryngology · 2026
    Article
  5. The Effect of COVID-19 on Voice Quality: A Systematic Review.World journal of otorhinolaryngology - head and neck surgery · 2026
    Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. The Effects of COVID-19 on Voice.World journal of otorhinolaryngology - head and neck surgery · 2025
    Review
  9. Follow-up of patients with mild COVID-19 using subjective, acoustic, and aerodynamic measurements.World journal of otorhinolaryngology - head and neck surgery · 2025
    Article
  10. Observational
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Singing in and out of COVID.Respirology (Carlton, Vic.) · 2023
    Article
  19. Article
  20. A Case of Deep Neck Abscess with Viral Pneumonia in the Covid Era.Indian journal of otolaryngology and head and neck surgery : official publication of the Association of Otolaryngologists of India · 2022
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Matthew R NaunheimDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary Boston Massachusetts USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3927-3984
Allen S ZhouDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary Boston Massachusetts USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8383-9909
Elefteria PukaDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary Boston Massachusetts USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9814-590X
Ramon A FrancoDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary Boston Massachusetts USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4549-6017
Thomas L CarrollDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5666-2482
Stephanie E TengDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts USA.
Pavan S MallurDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts USA.
Phillip C SongDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary Boston Massachusetts USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0206-5441
Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary · USBeth Israel Deaconess Medical Center · USBrigham and Women's Hospital · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo describe and visually depict laryngeal complications in patients recovering from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection along with associated patient characteristics. STUDY

designProspective patient series.

settingTertiary laryngology care centers. SUBJECTS AND

methodsTwenty consecutive patients aged 18 years or older presenting with laryngological complaints following recent COVID-19 infection were included. Patient demographics, comorbid medical conditions, COVID-19 diagnosis dates, symptoms, intubation, and tracheostomy status, along with subsequent laryngological symptoms related to voice, airway, and swallowing were collected. Findings on laryngoscopy and stroboscopy were included, if performed.

resultsOf the 20 patients enrolled, 65% had been intubated for an average duration of 21.8 days and 69.2% requiring prone-position mechanical ventilation. Voice-related complaints were the most common presenting symptom, followed by those related to swallowing and breathing. All patients who underwent flexible laryngoscopy demonstrated laryngeal abnormalities, most frequently in the glottis (93.8%), and those who underwent stroboscopy had abnormalities in mucosal wave (87.5%), periodicity (75%), closure (50%), and symmetry (50%). Unilateral vocal fold immobility was the most common diagnosis (40%), along with posterior glottic (15%) and subglottic (10%) stenoses. 45% of patients underwent further procedural intervention in the operating room or office. Many findings were suggestive of intubation-related injury.

conclusionProlonged intubation with prone-positioning commonly employed in COVID-19 respiratory failure can lead to significant laryngeal complications with associated difficulties in voice, airway, and swallowing. The high percentage of glottic injuries underscores the importance of stroboscopic examination. Otolaryngologists must be prepared to manage these complications in patients recovering from COVID-19. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: IV.

Indexed as

COVID‐19intubationlaryngologylarynxstenosisvoice

Identifiers

PMID33364402
PMCPMC7752067
OpenAlexW3096597602

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.