ArticleOncoTargets and therapy2020
PD-1/PD-L1 Inhibitor Combined with Chemotherapy Can Improve the Survival of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients with Brain Metastases.
Article in OncoTargets and therapy, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- Evaluation of the effectiveness and safety of combining PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors with anti-angiogenic agents in unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Pooled it
- Brain metastases and immune checkpoint inhibitors in non-small cell lung cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2022Pooled it
- Efficacy of PD-1/PD-L1 Inhibitors versus Chemotherapy in Lung Cancer with Brain Metastases: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of immunology research · 2022Pooled it
- Impact of baseline brain metastases on survival and CNS progression in NSCLC patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors in real-world studies: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Translational lung cancer research · 2026Article
- Clinical outcomes and predictive factors of immunotherapy efficacy in non-small-cell lung cancer brain metastases: a comparative study.BMC cancer · 2025Article
- Immune Checkpoint Inhibition in Patients with Brain Metastases from Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer: Emerging Mechanisms and Personalized Clinical Strategies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Efficacy of different therapies for brain metastases of non-small cell lung cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Translational lung cancer research · 2023Article
- Tumor Immune Microenvironment and Immunotherapy in Brain Metastasis From Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Efficacy of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in patients with non-small cell lung cancer and brain metastases: A real-world retrospective study in China.Thoracic cancer · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionImmune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) monotherapy has limited efficacy in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and brain metastases (BMs). With the wide use of ICI-based combinations, the efficacy of different ICI combination strategies in patients with NSCLC and BMs needs to be further elucidated.
methodsWe retrospectively reviewed 526 patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with ICIs from January 2016 to December 2019 in the Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital. Patients with BMs treated with ICIs were further divided into two groups: those with BM prior to the ICI treatment (pBM group), and those with BM after the treatment (aBM group). We assessed intracranial progression-free survival (IPFS), systemic progression-free survival (SPFS), overall survival (OS), intracranial objective response rate (IORR), and intracranial disease control rate (IDCR).
resultsWe found 77 patients out of 526 with BMs; 69 presented the BMs prior to the ICI treatments and 8 showed BMs after the ICI treatments. In the pBM group, the median IPFS and SPFS were 7.39 months and 5.39 months, respectively. Combination therapy significantly improved both the IPFS (p=0.007) and the SPFS (p=0.007) when compared with monotherapy. Further analysis demonstrated that ICIs combined with chemotherapy significantly improved both the IPFS (p=0.009) and the SPFS (p=0.006) when compared with monotherapy. While ICIs combined with anti-angiogenic therapy improved the SPFS (p=0.005) but not the IPFS (p=0.139). The median OS was 27.43 months for patients in the pBM group. Further analyses suggested that combination treatment also improved the OS when compared with monotherapy (p=0.003). Subgroup analysis results showed that ICIs combined with chemotherapy led to better OS than ICIs monotherapy (p=0.006). Radiotherapy had no significant impact on survival (IPFS p=0.272, OS p=0.142) in the patients of the pBM group.
conclusionICIs combined with chemotherapy demonstrated survival benefits over ICI monotherapy in patients with NSCLCs and BMs.
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