ReviewFrontiers in immunology2020
All About the RNA: Interferon-Stimulated Genes That Interfere With Viral RNA Processes.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 99 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
99 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 162 citations in OpenAlex.
- Glutamine Peptides: Preparation, Analysis, Applications, and Their Role in Intestinal Barrier Protection.Nutrients · 2025Pooled it
- The Post-Transcriptional Regulatory Element of Hepatitis B Virus: From Discovery to Therapy.Viruses · 2024Pooled it
- Intermittent fasting and a no-sugar diet for Long COVID symptoms: a randomized crossover trial.Scientific reports · 2025Trial
- Nebulised interferon beta-1a (SNG001) in the treatment of viral exacerbations of COPD.Respiratory research · 2024Trial
- Dietary Glycerol Monolaurate Enhances Growth and Immune Function in Calves via Hepatic Immunometabolic Reprogramming.Veterinary sciences · 2026Article
- Neutrophils repurpose the nucleolus as a cytokine reservoir and secretory organelle.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Article
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- A preliminary study on the regulatory role of phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate synthetase 2 in vesicular stomatitis virus infection.Virus genes · 2026Article
- The emerging paradigms of SETD family enzymes as epigenetic regulators of the immune response in inflammatory diseases.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Synergistic effect of nucleoside modification and ionizable lipid composition on translation and immune responses to mRNA vaccines.NPJ vaccines · 2025Article
- Viruses in bronchiectasis.ERJ open research · 2025Review
- Direct pharmacological AMPK activation inhibits mucosal SARS-CoV-2 infection by reducing lipid metabolism, restoring autophagy flux and the type I IFN response.Journal of virology · 2025Article
- Small Interfering RNAs Targeting VP4, VP3, 2B, or 3A Coding Regions of Enterovirus A71 Inhibit Viral Replication In Vitro.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- Opposite Responses of Interferon and Proinflammatory Cytokines Induced by Human Metapneumovirus and Respiratory Syncytial Virus in Macrophages.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- The Role of Type I Interferons in Tuberculosis and in Tuberculosis-Risk-Associated Comorbidities.Infectious disease reports · 2025Review
- Review
- Mitochondrial Antiviral Signaling Protein Activation by Retinoic Acid-Inducible Gene I Agonist Triggers Potent Antiviral Defense in Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Without Compromising Mitochondrial Function.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- The differential impact of HNRNPA1 isoforms on gene expression and their relevance to dsRNA-mediated innate immune response.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Central TYK2 inhibition identifies TYK2 as a key neuroimmune modulator.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
39 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Interferon (IFN) signaling induces the expression of a wide array of genes, collectively referred to as IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs) that generally function to inhibit viral replication. RNA viruses are frequently targeted by ISGs through recognition of viral replicative intermediates and molecular features associated with viral genomes, or the lack of molecular features associated with host mRNAs. The ISGs reviewed here primarily inhibit viral replication in an RNA-centric manner, working to sense, degrade, or repress expression of viral RNA. This review focuses on dissecting how these ISGs exhibit multiple antiviral mechanisms, often through use of varied co-factors, highlighting the complexity of the type I IFN response. Specifically, these ISGs can mediate antiviral effects through viral RNA degradation, viral translation inhibition, or both. While the OAS/RNase L pathway globally degrades RNA and arrests translation, ISG20 and ZAP employ targeted RNA degradation and translation inhibition to block viral replication. Meanwhile, SHFL targets translation by inhibiting -1 ribosomal frameshifting, which is required by many RNA viruses. Finally, a number of E3 ligases inhibit viral transcription, an attractive antiviral target during the lifecycle of negative-sense RNA viruses which must transcribe their genome prior to translation. Through this review, we aim to provide an updated perspective on how these ISGs work together to form a complex network of antiviral arsenals targeting viral RNA processes.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.