ArticleThe Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics2021
Self-Administration of Cotinine in Wistar Rats: Comparisons to Nicotine.
Article in The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- Astrocytes in the Ventral Tegmental Area Are Involved in Cotinine Self-Administration in Male Wistar Rats.Brain sciences · 2026Article
- Fluorocitrate inhibition of astrocytes reduces nicotine self-administration and alters extracellular levels of glutamate and dopamine within the nucleus accumbens in male wistar rats.Neuropharmacology · 2024Article
- Methoxsalen Inhibits the Acquisition of Nicotine Self-Administration: Attenuation by Cotinine Replacement in Male Rats.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2024Article
- Impact of Adolescent Nicotine Exposure in Pre- and Post-natal Oxycodone Exposed Offspring.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2023Article
- The involvement of dopamine and D2 receptor-mediated transmission in effects of cotinine in male rats.Neuropharmacology · 2023Article
- Identification of nicotine-seeking and avoiding larval zebrafish using a new three-choice behavioral assay.Frontiers in molecular neuroscience · 2023Article
- The involvement of mesolimbic dopamine system in cotinine self-administration in rats.Behavioural brain research · 2022Article
- Cotinine: Pharmacologically Active Metabolite of Nicotine and Neural Mechanisms for Its Actions.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2021Review
- Mecamylamine Reverses the Effects of Cytisine on the Oral Self-administration of Ethanol in Rats.Basic and clinical neuroscienceArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Nicotine is the major addictive component in tobacco. Cotinine is the major metabolite of nicotine and a weak agonist for nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs). Nicotine supports self-administration in rodents. However, it remains undetermined whether cotinine can be self-administered. This study aimed to characterize cotinine self-administration in rats, to compare effects of cotinine to those of nicotine, and to determine potential involvement of nAChRs in cotinine's effects. Adult Wistar rats were trained to self-administer cotinine or nicotine (0.0075, 0.015, 0.03, or 0.06 mg/kg per infusion) under fixed-ratio (FR) and progressive-ratio (PR) schedules. Blood nicotine and cotinine levels were determined after the last FR session. Effects of mecamylamine, a nonselective nAChR antagonist, and varenicline, a partial agonist for
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.