ArticleScience immunology2020
Discordant neutralizing antibody and T cell responses in asymptomatic and mild SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Article in Science immunology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 134 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
134 citing papers in PubMed, 217 citations in OpenAlex.
- Trial
- Children and Adults With Mild COVID-19: Dynamics of the Memory T Cell Response up to 10 Months.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Trial
- Genetics of symptom remission in outpatients with COVID-19.Scientific reports · 2021Trial
- The impact of ethnicity on longitudinal humoral and cellular immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 booster vaccination.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Position-5-driven reorientation of an immunodominant HLA-A*24:02 SARS-CoV-2 epitope drives universal T cell escape.JCI insight · 2026Article
- Extensive evolution and T cell escape by SARS-CoV-2 in a 2.5-year persistent infection of an immunocompromised host.iScience · 2026Article
- Prognostic implications and molecular mechanisms of derived organoid-angiogenesis-related genes (DOARGs) in colorectal cancer.Journal of physiology and biochemistry · 2026Article
- Primary SARS-CoV-2 exposure by vaccination or infection shapes immune responses to omicron variants among a Spanish cohort.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Identification of Age-Related Characteristic Genes Involved in Severe COVID-19 Infection Among Elderly Patients Using Machine Learning and Immune Cell Infiltration Analysis.Biochemical genetics · 2025Article
- Patients With Mild COVID-19 Exhibit Low Functional Avidity of SARS-CoV-2 Membrane Protein-Reactive CD4Immune network · 2025Article
- Article
- Article
- MIS-C pathogenesis: immune dysregulation & viral triggers.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Translating insights into therapies for Long Covid.Science translational medicine · 2024Review
- The T-cell repertoire of Spanish patients with COVID-19 as a strategy to link T-cell characteristics to the severity of the disease.Human genomics · 2024Article
- Application of Interferon-γ Release Assay in the Assessment of T-Cell Immunity to SARS-CoV-2 Antigens in the Cohort of Pediatric Patients with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Nonconserved epitopes dominate reverse preexisting T cell immunity in COVID-19 convalescents.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2024Article
- Influence of individuals' determinants including vaccine type on cellular and humoral responses to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination.NPJ vaccines · 2024Article
- SARS-CoV-2 Neutralizing Antibodies in Three African Countries Following Multiple Distinct Immune Challenges.Vaccines · 2024Article
- In search of a pan-coronavirus vaccine: next-generation vaccine design and immune mechanisms.Cellular & molecular immunology · 2024Review
74 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
40 authors at 9 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Understanding the nature of immunity following mild/asymptomatic infection with SARS-CoV-2 is crucial to controlling the pandemic. We analyzed T cell and neutralizing antibody responses in 136 healthcare workers (HCW) 16-18 weeks after United Kingdom lockdown, 76 of whom had mild/asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection captured by serial sampling. Neutralizing antibodies (nAb) were present in 89% of previously infected HCW. T cell responses tended to be lower following asymptomatic infection than in those reporting case-definition symptoms of COVID-19, while nAb titers were maintained irrespective of symptoms. T cell and antibody responses were sometimes discordant. Eleven percent lacked nAb and had undetectable T cell responses to spike protein but had T cells reactive with other SARS-CoV-2 antigens. Our findings suggest that the majority of individuals with mild or asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection carry nAb complemented by multispecific T cell responses at 16-18 weeks after mild or asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.