ArticleTicks and tick-borne diseases2021
Prevalence of single and coinfections of human pathogens in Ixodes ticks from five geographical regions in the United States, 2013-2019.
Article in Ticks and tick-borne diseases, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 43 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
43 citing papers in PubMed, 65 citations in OpenAlex.
- Contrasting epigenetics of Ixodes scapularis populations.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Why are the ticks winning, and what can we do about it?Ticks and tick-borne diseases · 2026Review
- Tick-Borne Co-Infection in Lyme Disease: Clinical Impact, Diagnostic Challenges, and Therapeutic Perspectives.Microorganisms · 2026Review
- A SPATIALLY-EXPLICIT STOCHASTIC MODEL FOR THE GULF COAST TICK.Ecological modelling · 2025Article
- Estimated density of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto-infected Ixodes scapularis nymphs in the eastern United States.Parasites & vectors · 2025Article
- TICKHUNTER: A Targeted Hybridization-Capture Sequencing Approach for the Detection and Characterization of Tick-borne Pathogens and Blood Meals.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Expanding range of Ixodes scapularis Say (Acari: Ixodidae) and Borrelia burgdorferi infection in North Carolina counties, 2018-2023.PloS one · 2025Article
- Nationwide investigation of eukaryotic pathogens in ticks from cattle and sheep in Kyrgyzstan using metabarcoding.PloS one · 2025Article
- Prevalence ofMicroorganisms · 2024Article
- Beyond Human Babesiosis: Prevalence and Association ofOpen forum infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Geographic variation in the distribution of Anaplasma phagocytophilum variants in host-seeking Ixodes scapularis nymphs and adults in the eastern United States elucidated using next generation sequencing.Ticks and tick-borne diseases · 2024Article
- No evidence of Bartonella infections in host-seeking Ixodes scapularis and Ixodes pacificus ticks in the United States.Parasites & vectors · 2024Article
- Effects of residential acaricide treatments on patterns of pathogen coinfection in blacklegged ticks.Parasitology · 2024Article
- A next generation sequencing assay combining Ixodes species identification with pathogen detection to support tick surveillance efforts in the United States.Ticks and tick-borne diseases · 2024Article
- Density of host-seeking Ixodes scapularis nymphs by region, state, and county in the contiguous United States generated through national tick surveillance.Ticks and tick-borne diseases · 2024Article
- Detection of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato species in host-seeking Ixodes species ticks in the United States.Ticks and tick-borne diseases · 2024Article
- Prevalence and genetic diversity ofFrontiers in veterinary science · 2024Article
- Tick-Borne Co-Infections: Challenges in Molecular and Serologic Diagnoses.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Changes in the geographic distribution of the blacklegged tick, Ixodes scapularis, in the United States.Ticks and tick-borne diseases · 2023Review
- Comparison of acarological risk metrics derived from active and passive surveillance and their concordance with tick-borne disease incidence.Ticks and tick-borne diseases · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
As the geographic distributions of medically important ticks and tick-borne pathogens continue to expand in the United States, the burden of tick-borne diseases continues to increase along with a growing risk of coinfections. Coinfection with multiple tick-borne pathogens may amplify severity of disease and complicate diagnosis and treatment. By testing 13,400 Ixodes ticks from 17 US states spanning five geographical regions for etiological agents of Lyme disease (Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto [s.s.] and Borrelia mayonii), Borrelia miyamotoi disease (Borrelia miyamotoi), anaplasmosis (Anaplasma phagocytophilum), and babesiosis (Babesia microti) we show that B. burgdorferi s.s. was the most prevalent and widespread pathogen. Borrelia miyamotoi, A. phagocytophilum, and B. microti were widespread but less prevalent than B. burgdorferi s.s. Coinfections with B. burgdorferi s.s. and A. phagocytophilum or B. microti were most common in the Northeast and occurred at rates higher than expected based on rates of single infections in that region.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.