ReviewBiomaterials2021
Polymeric nanoparticle vaccines to combat emerging and pandemic threats.
Review in Biomaterials, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 77 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
77 citing papers in PubMed, 171 citations in OpenAlex.
- Polymeric Nanoparticles for Precision Tumor Immunotherapy: Rational Design Strategies and Spatiotemporal Immune Activation.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
- Could artificial intelligence gradually replace classical adjuvants?Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- cGAMP-Loaded M2e Nanovaccine Elicits Cross-Reactive Immunity and Mitigates H6N1 Avian Influenza Infection in Chickens.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Article
- Applications of Biodegradable Polymeric Nanomaterials as Drug Delivery Systems.Current drug delivery · 2026Review
- Article
- Identification and efficacy assessment of novel immunoprotective antigens from Mycoplasma synoviae for vaccine development.NPJ vaccines · 2025Article
- Combating Gram-negative infections: The role of antimicrobial peptides and nanotechnology in overcoming antibiotic resistance.Materials today. Bio · 2025Review
- Polymeric particle-based antigen delivery system: From immunological engineering to clinical translation.International journal of pharmaceutics: X · 2025Review
- Nano-Based Vaccine Delivery Systems: Innovative Therapeutics Against Cancer and Neurological Disorders.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Polymerisation-Induced Self-Assembly on Planar Surfaces: A New Approach for Controlling Surface Topography and Modulating Material-Bio Interactions.Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2025Article
- Polymer Network-Based Nanogels and Microgels: Design, Classification, Synthesis, and Applications in Drug Delivery.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Mucosal immunity and vaccination strategies: current insights and future perspectives.Molecular biomedicine · 2025Review
- Polyanhydride-Based Microparticles for Programmable Pulsatile Release of Diphtheria Toxoid (DT) for Single-Injection Self-Boosting Vaccines.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2025Article
- Self-assembled and intestine-targeting florfenicol nano-micelles effectively inhibit drug-resistantJournal of pharmaceutical analysis · 2025Article
- Advances in the Functionalization of Vaccine Delivery Systems: Innovative Strategies and Translational Perspectives.Pharmaceutics · 2025Review
- β-1,3 Glucan Microparticles & Nanoparticles: Fabrication Methods & Applications in Immunomodulation & Targeted Drug Delivery.Advanced healthcare materials · 2025Review
- Beyond the Pandemic Era: Recent Advances and Efficacy of SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines Against Emerging Variants of Concern.Vaccines · 2025Review
- Polysaccharide nanoparticles as potential immune adjuvants: Mechanism and function.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2025Review
- Production and Bioseparation Applications of Polyhydroxyalkanoate Nano-Granules Functionalized with Streptavidin.Microorganisms · 2025Article
- Article
17 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Subunit vaccines are more advantageous than live attenuated vaccines in terms of safety and scale-up manufacture. However, this often comes as a trade-off to their efficacy. Over the years, polymeric nanoparticles have been developed to improve vaccine potency, by engineering their physicochemical properties to incorporate multiple immunological cues to mimic pathogenic microbes and viruses. This review covers recent advances in polymeric nanostructures developed toward particulate vaccines. It focuses on the impact of microbe mimicry (e.g. size, charge, hydrophobicity, and surface chemistry) on modulation of the nanoparticles' delivery, trafficking, and targeting antigen-presenting cells to elicit potent humoral and cellular immune responses. This review also provides up-to-date progresses on rational designs of a wide variety of polymeric nanostructures that are loaded with antigens and immunostimulatory molecules, ranging from particles, micelles, nanogels, and polymersomes to advanced core-shell structures where polymeric particles are coated with lipids, cell membranes, or proteins.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.