ReviewPharmacology & therapeutics2021
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: Disease mechanisms and drug development.
Review in Pharmacology & therapeutics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05828953 (A Multicenter, Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Clinical Trial of Anlotinib Capsules for the Treatment of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis), which is not on this map. Cited by 333 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Multicenter, Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Clinical Trial of Anlotinib Capsules for the Treatment of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF)/Progressive Fibrosis-interstitial Lung Disease (PF-ILDs)
Who cites it
333 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 629 citations in OpenAlex.
- Network meta-analysis of pharmacological treatments for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: evaluating effects on lung function.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Pooled it
- Effects of air pollutants on the incidence, progression, and mortality of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC public health · 2025Pooled it
- Therapeutic effects and potential mechanisms of astragaloside IV on pulmonary fibrosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of preclinical studies.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Pooled it
- Higher body mass index was associated with a lower mortality of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: a meta-analysis.Journal of health, population, and nutrition · 2024Pooled it
- Fibronectin's tensional state as a mechanical signature of fibrotic extracellular matrix in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis models.Matrix biology plus · 2026Article
- METTL3 Promotes Lipid Deposition and Pulmonary Fibrosis by Destabilizing PLIN2 in a m6A-Dependent Manner.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2026Article
- Exploring the Molecular Mechanisms of SB216763 in the Therapeutic Intervention of Pulmonary Fibrosis Based on Macrophage Functional Plasticity.Fundamental & clinical pharmacology · 2026Article
- mExperimental and therapeutic medicine · 2026Review
- Inter-Organ Communication in Pulmonary Fibrosis: Systemic Modifiers of a Lung-Centered Disease.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2026Review
- β-carboline derivative Z86 alleviates pulmonary fibrosis via suppressing TGF-β/Smad signaling.Natural products and bioprospecting · 2026Article
- Multi-omics insights into the mechanisms and prognosis of IPF.Genes and environment : the official journal of the Japanese Environmental Mutagen Society · 2026Review
- Human Embryonic Stem Cell-Derived Immunity-And-Matrix-Regulatory Cells Attenuate Pulmonary Fibrosis via MMP1-Mediated Collagen Degradation.Cell proliferation · 2026Article
- Clearing the Pulmonary Traffic Jam With Dual-Enzyme Inhalable Nanoparticles Restore Airflow and Reverse Fibrotic Remodeling.Advanced healthcare materials · 2026Article
- Vitronectin metabolically programs profibrotic macrophages in 3D cultures and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.Science advances · 2026Article
- Optimization of Therapeutic modRNA Delivery to the Lung for Prevention of Pulmonary Fibrosis.Pharmaceutics · 2026Article
- Innovative strategies for anti-fibrotic drugs discovery from traditional Chinese medicine.Chinese herbal medicines · 2026Review
- Combination of Ophiopogonin D, Ginsenoside Rg1, and Ginsenoside Rg3 ameliorates idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis via inhibiting type 2 alveolar epithelial cell senescence and epithelial-mesenchymal transition.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Article
- Neuropsychiatric disorders in pulmonary fibrosis: from brain network alterations to inflammatory mechanisms and therapeutic implications.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Review
- Danthron prevents pulmonary fibrosis through improving mitochondrial function by upregulating carboxylesterase 3.Respiratory research · 2026Article
- miR-423-5p/NDUFS7-mediated mitochondrial function modulation contributes to quercetin-induced attenuation of pulmonary fibrosis via extracellular matrix remodeling regulation.Non-coding RNA research · 2026Article
273 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 8 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic progressive disease of unknown cause characterized by relentless scarring of the lung parenchyma leading to reduced quality of life and earlier mortality. IPF is an age-related disorder, and with the population aging worldwide, the economic burden of IPF is expected to steadily increase in the future. The mechanisms of fibrosis in IPF remain elusive, with favored concepts of disease pathogenesis involving recurrent microinjuries to a genetically predisposed alveolar epithelium, followed by an aberrant reparative response characterized by excessive collagen deposition. Pirfenidone and nintedanib are approved for treatment of IPF based on their ability to slow functional decline and disease progression; however, they do not offer a cure and are associated with tolerability issues. In this review, we critically discuss how cutting-edge research in disease pathogenesis may translate into identification of new therapeutic targets, thus facilitate drug discovery. There is a growing portfolio of treatment options for IPF. However, targeting the multitude of profibrotic cytokines and growth factors involved in disease pathogenesis may require a combination of therapeutic strategies with different mechanisms of action.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.