Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33356664›Full record

ArticleInhalation toxicology2021

Intramuscular cobinamide as an antidote to methyl mercaptan poisoning.

Tara B Hendry-Hofer, Patrick C Ng, Alison M McGrath, Kirsten Soules, David S Mukai, Adriano Chan, Joseph K Maddry, Carl W White, Jangwoen Lee, Sari B Mahon and 3 more

Open access · greenAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Inhalation toxicology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
1.5field-weighted citation impact, top 15% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.

Tara B Hendry-HoferDepartment of Emergency Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA.
Patrick C NgDepartment of Emergency Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA.
Alison M McGrathDepartment of Environmental Health and Safety, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado.
Kirsten SoulesDepartment of Emergency Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA.
David S MukaiBeckman Laser Institute, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA.
Adriano ChanDepartment of Medicine, University of California, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Joseph K Maddry59th Medical Wing/Science & Technology, Lackland Air Force Base, Texas, San Antonio Military Medical Center, JBSA-Ft Sam Houston, San Antonio, Texas.
Carl W WhiteDepartment of Pediatrics, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA.
Jangwoen LeeBeckman Laser Institute, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA.
Sari B MahonBeckman Laser Institute, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA.
Matthew BrennerBeckman Laser Institute, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA.
Gerry R BossDepartment of Medicine, University of California, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Vikhyat S BebartaDepartment of Emergency Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA.
University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus · USUniversity of Colorado Denver · USBeckman Laser Institute and Medical Clinic · USUniversity of California, Irvine · USUniversity of California, San Diego · US59th Medical Wing · US

Funding

Thiols in sulfur mustard toxicityU54ES015678 · NIEHS · UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO DENVER · PI WHITE, CARL W · 2006 to 2015
$20.5M
Photonics Monitoring and Modeling CoreU54ES027698 · NIEHS · UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO DENVER · PI WHITE, CARL W · 2016 to 2021
$16.7M
Development of the Vitamin B12 Analog cobinamide as a Hydrogen Sulfide AntidoteU01NS087964 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI BOSS, GERRY R · 2015 to 2019
$4.3M
NIEHS NIH HHS U54 ES015678NIEHS NIH HHS U54 ES027698NINDS NIH HHS U01 NS087964
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundMethyl mercaptan occurs naturally in the environment and is found in a variety of occupational settings, including the oil, paper, plastics, and pesticides industries. It is a toxic gas and deaths from methyl mercaptan exposure have occurred. The Department of Homeland Security considers it a high threat chemical agent that could be used by terrorists. Unfortunately, no specific treatment exists for methyl mercaptan poisoning.

methodsWe conducted a randomized trial in 12 swine comparing no treatment to intramuscular injection of the vitamin B

resultsAll six cobinamide-treated animals survived, whereas only one of six control animals lived (17% survival) (p = 0.0043). The cobinamide-treated animals returned to a normal breathing pattern by 3.8 ± 1.1 min after treatment (mean ± SD), while all but one animal in the control group had intermittent gasping, never regaining a normal breathing pattern. Blood pressure and arterial oxygen saturation returned to baseline values within 15 minutes of cobinamide-treatment. Plasma lactate concentration increased progressively until death (10.93 ± 6.02 mmol [mean ± SD]) in control animals, and decreased toward baseline (3.79 ± 2.93 mmol [mean ± SD]) by the end of the experiment in cobinamide-treated animals.

conclusionWe conclude that intramuscular administration of cobinamide improves survival and clinical outcomes in a large animal model of acute, high dose methyl mercaptan poisoning.

Indexed as

AnimalsAntidotesCobamidesFemaleInhalation ExposureInjections, IntramuscularMaleRandom AllocationSulfhydryl CompoundsSwineAntidotesCobamidescobinamidemethylmercaptanSulfhydryl CompoundscobinamideinhalationmethanethiolMethyl mercaptanswine

Identifiers

PMID33356664
PMCPMC8063453
OpenAlexW3115472938

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.