ArticleAfrican journal of laboratory medicine2020
Infant HIV diagnosis and turn-around time for testing in Malawi, 2015.
Article in African journal of laboratory medicine, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundFor HIV-exposed infants in Malawi, there are missed opportunities at each step of the testing and treatment cascade.
objectiveThis study assessed factors associated with HIV positivity among infants in Malawi and turn-around times for infant HIV testing.
methodsHIV testing data for infants aged 0-18 months from 2012 to 2015 were extracted from the Malawi HIV laboratory information management system and analysed using logistic regression. Turn-around time was defined as time between collection of samples to results dispatch from the laboratory.
resultsA total of 106 997 tests were included in the analyses. A subset of 76 006 observations with complete dates were included in the turn-around time analysis. Overall positivity was 4.2%. Factors associated with positivity were increasing age (infants aged 3-6 months: adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 2.24; infants aged 6-9 months: aOR = 3.42; infants aged > 9 months: aOR = 4.24), female sex (aOR = 1.08) and whether the mother was alive and not on antiretroviral therapy at time of the infant's test (aOR = 1.57). Provision of HIV prophylaxis to the infant after birth (aOR = 0.38) was found to be protective against HIV positivity. The median turn-around time was 24 days (increased from 19 to 34 days between 2012 and 2015).
conclusionInfant HIV positivity has decreased in Malawi, whereas turn-around time has increased. Factors associated with positivity include increasing age, female sex, and whether the mother was alive and not on antiretroviral therapy at the time of the infant's test.
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