Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33353972›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2020

High affinity nanobodies block SARS-CoV-2 spike receptor binding domain interaction with human angiotensin converting enzyme.

Thomas J Esparza, Negin P Martin, George P Anderson, Ellen R Goldman, David L Brody

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 75 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
75citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
2.4field-weighted citation impact, top 6% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

75 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 122 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. A Novel CD147-Targeting Nanobody for Immuno-PET Imaging of Liver Cancer.Journal of nuclear medicine : official publication, Society of Nuclear Medicine · 2026
    Article
  3. Demonstration ofJournal of virology · 2026
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Monitoring T-Cell Activation in the Tumor Microenvironment by PET Imaging of the Chemokine CXCL9.Journal of nuclear medicine : official publication, Society of Nuclear Medicine · 2025
    Article
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Article
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15 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

Thomas J EsparzaLaboratory of Functional and Molecular Imaging, The National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke Intramural Research Program, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
Negin P MartinViral Vector Core, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH/DHHS, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA.
George P AndersonCenter for Biomolecular Science and Engineering, US Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, 20375, USA.
Ellen R GoldmanCenter for Biomolecular Science and Engineering, US Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, 20375, USA.
David L BrodyLaboratory of Functional and Molecular Imaging, The National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke Intramural Research Program, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA. david.brody@nih.gov.
United States Naval Research Laboratory · USHenry M. Jackson Foundation · USNational Institute of Environmental Health Sciences · USUniformed Services University of the Health Sciences · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

There are currently few approved effective treatments for SARS-CoV-2, the virus responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic. Nanobodies are 12-15 kDa single-domain antibody fragments that can be delivered by inhalation and are amenable to relatively inexpensive large scale production compared to other biologicals. We have isolated nanobodies that bind to the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein receptor binding domain and block spike protein interaction with the angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) with 1-5 nM affinity. The lead nanobody candidate, NIH-CoVnb-112, blocks SARS-CoV-2 spike pseudotyped lentivirus infection of HEK293 cells expressing human ACE2 with an EC

Indexed as

Antibody AffinityAngiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2AnimalsAntibodies, NeutralizingAntibodies, ViralBinding Sites, AntibodyCamelids, New WorldCOVID-19Drug DiscoveryHEK293 CellsHumansImmunizationMaleProtein BindingProtein Interaction Domains and MotifsSARS-CoV-2ACE2 protein, humanAngiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2Antibodies, NeutralizingAntibodies, ViralSingle-Domain AntibodiesSpike Glycoprotein, Coronavirusspike protein, SARS-CoV-2

Identifiers

PMID33353972
PMCPMC7755911
OpenAlexW3116103971

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.