Observational studyPloS one2020
Age influences on Propofol estimated brain concentration and entropy during maintenance and at return of consciousness during total intravenous anesthesia with target-controlled infusion in unparalyzed patients: An observational prospective trial.
Observational study in PloS one, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.
- Impact of age on the reliability of GE Entropy™ module indices for guidance of maintenance of anaesthesia in adult patients: a single-centre retrospective analysis.British journal of anaesthesia · 2025Article
- Evaluating Midazolam's Influence on Bispectral Index and Propofol Concentrations Using Schnider and Eleveld Models in Target-Controlled Infusion General Anesthesia: A Prospective Observational Study.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Schnider and Eleveld Models for Propofol Target-Controlled Infusion Anesthesia: A Clinical Comparison.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Comparison of Quantium Consciousness Index and Richmond Agitation Sedation Scale in Mechanically Ventilated Critically Ill Patients: An Observational Study.Indian journal of critical care medicine : peer-reviewed, official publication of Indian Society of Critical Care Medicine · 2022Article
- Implicit Memory and Anesthesia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeAging affects pharmacodynamics/pharmacokinetics of anesthetics, but age effects on Entropy-guided total intravenous anesthesia with target-controlled infusions (TIVA-TCI) are not fully characterized. We compared aging effects on effective estimated brain concentration of Propofol (CeP) during TIVA-TCI Entropy-guided anesthesia, without neuromuscular blockade (NMB).
methodsWe performed an observational, prospective, single-center study enrolling 75 adult women undergoing Entropy-guided Propofol-Remifentanil TIVA-TCI for breast surgery. Primary endpoint was the relationship between age and CeP at maintenance of anesthesia (MA) during Entropy-guided anesthesia. Secondary endpoints were relationships between age and CeP at arousal reaction (AR), return of consciousness (ROC) and explicit recall evenience. We calculated a linear model to evaluate the age's impact on observational variable and performed pairwise tests to compare old (≥65 years, n = 50) and young (<65 years, n = 25) patients or patients with and without an AR.
resultsWe did not observe age-related differences in CeP during MA, but CeP significantly (p = 0,01) decreased with age at ROC. Entropy values during MA increased with age and were significantly higher in the elderly (RE: median 56[IQR49.3-61] vs 47.5[42-52.5],p = 0.001; SE: 51.6[45-55.5] vs 44[IQR40-50],p = 0.005). 18 patients had an AR, having higher maximum RE (92.5[78-96.3] vs 65[56.5-80.5],p<0.001), SE (79[64.8-84] vs 61[52.5-69],p = 0.03, RE-SE (12.5[9.5-16.5] vs 6 [3-9],p<0.001.
conclusionOlder age was associated with lower CeP at ROC, but not during MA in unparalysed patients undergoing breast surgery. Although RE and SE during MA, at comparable CeP, were higher in the elderly, Entropy, and in particular an increasing RE-SE, is a reliable index to detect an AR.
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