ArticleNephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association2021
Tissue sodium stores in peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis patients determined by 23-sodium magnetic resonance imaging.
Article in Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
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Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 42 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Tissue Sodium in Patients With Early Stage Hypertension: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2022Trial
- Quantifying Skin Sodium Concentration With Novel Very Rapid Biexponential TMagnetic resonance in medicine · 2026Article
- Salt and chronic kidney disease.Nature reviews. Nephrology · 2026Review
- Randomized Crossover Trial of Low Sodium Dialysate on Tissue Sodium Accumulation in Hemodialysis.Kidney international reports · 2026Article
- The impact of intradialytic cycling on temporal changes in muscle sodium during hemodialysis.Clinical kidney journal · 2026Article
- Sodium Retention and Distribution in Growing and Adult Rodents Fed High and Low Salt Diets.Nutrients · 2026Article
- Uric acid-associated mechanisms of coronary artery calcification in diabetic kidney disease: evidence, hypotheses, and translational perspectives.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Review
- Magnetic resonance imaging determination of tissue sodium across the CKD spectrum-associations and implications for health.Clinical kidney journal · 2025Article
- Measurement of sodium in soft tissue and bone in a sodium diet intervention study usingPhysiological measurement · 2025Article
- Volume Assessment in Patients Undergoing Long-Term Dialysis.Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN · 2025Review
- In vivo assessment of pediatric kidney function using multi-parametric and multi-nuclear functional magnetic resonance imaging: challenges, perspectives, and clinical applications.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2025Review
- Estimating Dietary Protein and Sodium Intake with Sodium Removal in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients.Metabolites · 2024Article
- Pathophysiological Mechanisms of Peritoneal Fibrosis and Peritoneal Membrane Dysfunction in Peritoneal Dialysis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Intermuscular adipose tissue accumulation is associated with higher tissue sodium in healthy individuals.Physiological reports · 2024Article
- An investigation into the correlation between intraperitoneal teicoplanin concentrations and treatment outcomes in peritoneal dialysis-associated peritonitis.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Article
- Machine learning model for cardiovascular disease prediction in patients with chronic kidney disease.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Article
- Sodium handling in pediatric patients on maintenance dialysis.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2023Review
- High tissue-sodium associates with systemic inflammation and insulin resistance in obese individuals.Nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases : NMCD · 2023Article
- Recent Advances in Sodium Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Its Future Role in Kidney Disease.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
15 authors at 7 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundTissue sodium content in patients on maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) and peritoneal dialysis (PD) were previously explored using 23Sodium magnetic resonance imaging (23NaMRI). Larger studies would provide a better understanding of sodium stores in patients on dialysis as well as the factors influencing this sodium accumulation.
methodsIn this cross-sectional study, we quantified the calf muscle and skin sodium content in 162 subjects (10 PD, 33 MHD patients, and 119 controls) using 23NaMRI. Plasma levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) were measured to assess systemic inflammation. Sixty-four subjects had repeat 23NaMRI scans that were analyzed to assess the repeatability of the 23NaMRI measurements.
resultsPatients on MHD and PD exhibited significantly higher muscle and skin sodium accumulation compared to controls. African American patients on dialysis exhibited greater muscle and skin sodium content compared to non-African Americans. Multivariable analysis showed that older age was associated with both higher muscle and skin sodium. Male sex was also associated with increased skin sodium deposition. Greater ultrafiltration was associated with lower skin sodium in patients on PD (Spearman's rho=-0.68, P = 0.035). Higher plasma IL-6 and hsCRP levels correlated with increased muscle and skin sodium content in the overall study population. Patients with higher baseline tissue sodium content exhibited greater variability in tissue sodium stores on repeat measurements.
conclusionsOur findings highlight greater muscle and skin sodium content in dialysis patients compared to controls without kidney disease. Tissue sodium deposition and systemic inflammation seen in dialysis patients might influence one another bidirectionally.
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