Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33351090›Full record

ArticleJournal of the National Cancer Institute2021

Long-Term Cause-Specific Mortality in Hodgkin Lymphoma Patients.

Simone de Vries, Michael Schaapveld, Cécile P M Janus, Laurien A Daniëls, Eefke J Petersen, Richard W M van der Maazen, Josée M Zijlstra, Max Beijert, Marten R Nijziel, Karijn M S Verschueren and 11 more

Abstract readMulticenter Study
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 58 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
58citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

58 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Trial
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Knowledge gaps among adult Hodgkin lymphoma survivors: implications for risk‑based care.Journal of cancer survivorship : research and practice · 2026
    Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Occult obstructive sleep apnea in survivors of Hodgkin lymphoma following radiation therapy: an atypical and under-recognized phenotype.Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine · 2026
    Article
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Review
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

21 authors.

Simone de VriesDepartment of Epidemiology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Michael SchaapveldDepartment of Epidemiology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Cécile P M JanusDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0003-3860-8698
Laurien A DaniëlsDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.
Eefke J PetersenDepartment of Hematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
Richard W M van der MaazenDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0003-0360-9172
Josée M ZijlstraDepartment of Hematology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrije Universiteit, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Max BeijertDepartment of Radiation Oncology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
Marten R NijzielDepartment of Hematology, Catharina Hospital, Eindhoven, the Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0001-9069-4939
Karijn M S VerschuerenDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Institute Verbeeten, Tilburg, the Netherlands.
Leontien C M KremerLate Effects Research Group, Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
Anna M van EggermondDepartment of Epidemiology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Pieternella J LugtenburgDepartment of Hematology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-6735-8651
Augustinus D G KrolDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-3257-3634
Judith M RoesinkDepartment of Radiation Oncology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
Wouter J PlattelDepartment of Hematology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0001-9828-9460
Dick Johan van SpronsenDepartment of Hematology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
Gustaaf W van ImhoffDepartment of Hematology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
Jan Paul de BoerDepartment of Medical Oncology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Berthe M P AlemanDepartment of Radiation Oncology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Flora E van LeeuwenDepartment of Epidemiology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-5871-1484

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundFew studies have examined the impact of treatment-related morbidity on long-term, cause-specific mortality in Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) patients.

methodsThis multicenter cohort included 4919 HL patients, treated before age 51 years between 1965 and 2000, with a median follow-up of 20.2 years. Standardized mortality ratios, absolute excess mortality (AEM) per 10 000 person-years, and cause-specific cumulative mortality by stage and primary treatment, accounting for competing risks, were calculated.

resultsHL patients experienced a 5.1-fold (AEM = 123 excess deaths per 10 000 person-years) higher risk of death due to causes other than HL. This risk remained increased in 40-year survivors (standardized mortality ratio = 5.2, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 4.2 to 6.5, AEM = 619). At age 54 years, HL survivors experienced similar cumulative mortality (20.0%) from causes other than HL to 71-year-old individuals from the general population. Whereas HL mortality statistically significantly decreased over the calendar period (P < .001), solid tumor mortality did not change in the most recent treatment era. Patients treated in 1989-2000 had lower 25-year cardiovascular disease mortality than patients treated in 1965-1976 (4.3% vs 5.7%; subdistribution hazard ratio = 0.65, 95% CI = 0.46 to 0.93). Infectious disease mortality was not only increased after splenectomy but also after spleen irradiation (hazard ratio = 2.81, 95% CI = 1.55 to 5.07). For stage I-II, primary treatment with chemotherapy (CT) alone was associated with statistically significantly higher HL mortality (P < .001 for CT vs radiotherapy [RT]; P = .04 for CT vs RT+CT) but lower 30-year mortality from causes other than HL (15.8%, 95% CI = 9.7% to 23.3%) compared with RT alone (36.9%, 95% CI = 34.0% to 39.8%, P = .001) and RT and CT combined (29.8%, 95% CI = 26.8% to 32.9%, P = .02).

conclusionsCompared with the general population, HL survivors have a substantially reduced life expectancy. Optimal selection of patients for primary CT is crucial, weighing risks of HL relapse and long-term toxicity.

Indexed as

Hodgkin DiseaseNeoplasms, Second PrimaryCause of DeathCohort StudiesHumansMiddle AgedNeoplasm Recurrence, LocalRisk FactorsSurvivors

Identifiers

PMID33351090
PMCPMC8168246

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.