ArticleInvestigative ophthalmology & visual science2020
Anemia and Diabetic Kidney Disease Had Joint Effect on Diabetic Retinopathy Among Patients With Type 2 Diabetes.
Article in Investigative ophthalmology & visual science, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Establishment and validation of a prognostic nomogram for long-term low vision after diabetic vitrectomy.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Trial
- Diabetic retinopathy: why some eyes suffer more - a focus on retina-specific risk factors and metabolic memory.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Review
- An interpretable machine learning model for detecting vision-threatening diabetic retinopathy among patients with diabetic retinopathy: a web-based cross-sectional study.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Association between haemoglobin levels and the risk of diabetic retinopathy in adults with type 2 diabetes: a retrospective cohort study using the TriNetX network.Eye (London, England) · 2025Article
- Dietary iron intake is nonlinearly associated with the risk of diabetic retinopathy in adults with type 2 diabetes.BMC endocrine disorders · 2025Article
- Article
- The L-shape relationship between hemoglobin, albumin, lymphocyte, platelet score and the risk of diabetic retinopathy in the US population.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Article
- The relationship between diabetic retinopathy and diabetic nephropathy in type 2 diabetes.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Article
- Associated factors of diabetic retinopathy in type 1 and 2 diabetes in Limpopo province in South Africa.Frontiers in clinical diabetes and healthcare · 2024Article
- Factors related to type 2 diabetic retinopathy and their clinical application value.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Article
- Research progress on the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy.BMC ophthalmology · 2023Review
- Deep learning-based fundus image analysis for cardiovascular disease: a review.Therapeutic advances in chronic disease · 2023Review
- The Association Between Lipid Profile and Subfoveal Choroidal Thickness in Chinese Patients with Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy Secondary to Type 2 Diabetes.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2023Article
- Development and validation of a diabetic retinopathy risk prediction model for middle-aged patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Article
- Risk Factors for Diabetic Retinopathy in Chinese Patients with Different Diabetes Duration: Association of C-Peptide and BUN/Cr Ratio with Type 2 Diabetic Retinopathy.International journal of general medicine · 2023Article
- Article
- Factors protecting against diabetic retinopathy in a geriatric Indian cohort.Indian journal of ophthalmology · 2021Observational
- Distribution of diabetic retinopathy in diabetes mellitus patients and its association rules with other eye diseases.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- An online diabetic retinopathy screening tool for patients with type 2 diabetes.International journal of ophthalmology · 2021Article
- Evaluating the role of serum cystatin C as a circulating biomarker of diabetic retinopathy from a rural Indian population.Taiwan journal of ophthalmologyArticle
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Purpose: Whether the association between diabetic kidney disease (DKD) and diabetic retinopathy (DR) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is leveraged by anemia remains unclear. This study is to evaluate the joint effect of DKD and anemia on DR. Methods: Data were collected from electronic medical records of 1389 patients with T2DM in the Yiwu Central Hospital of Zhejiang Province from 2018 to 2019. Based on retinal examination findings, patients were classified as without diabetic retinopathy (non-DR), non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR), and proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). Odds ratio (OR) from multinomial logistic regression models adjusting for potential risk factors of DR were used to evaluate associations of DKD, renal function measures, and anemia with risk of NPDR and PDR. Path analysis was performed to help understand the association of DKD and hemoglobin (Hb) with DR. Results: The study included 901 patients with non-DR, 367 patients with NPDR and 121 patients with PDR. Both high DKD risk and abnormal renal function measures were significantly associated with PDR. Anemia was associated with increased risk of NPDR (OR = 1.75, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.18-2.58) and PDR (OR = 3.71, 95% CI = 2.23-6.18). DKD severity and anemia had joint effect on NPDR (OR = 2.29, 95% CI = 1.32-3.96) and PDR (OR = 11.31, 95% CI = 5.95-21.51). These associations were supported by path analysis. Conclusions: DKD severity, abnormal estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and urinary albumin/creatinine ratio (UACR) were associated with increased risk of DR in patients with T2DM, and anemia had joint effect on these associations. Improving Hb level may decrease the risk of DR in patients with T2DM.
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