ArticleClinical endocrinology2021
Plasma creatine and incident type 2 diabetes in a general population-based cohort: The PREVEND study.
Article in Clinical endocrinology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- Trial
- Metabolomic Insights on Obesity and Diabetes from Feeding Diets Varying in Carbohydrate-Fat Ratios in Zucker Diabetic Fatty (ZDF) and Lean Zucker (ZInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Circulating Rhythmic Metabolites and Causal Risk of Type 2 Diabetes in Adults in the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2026Article
- Plasma creatine, estimated intramuscular creatine, transcellular gradient and the risk of mortality: Results from the PREVEND study.European journal of clinical investigation · 2026Article
- Multi-Omics Exploration of Obesity Biomarkers in Sedentary and Weight Loss Cohorts.Phenomics (Cham, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Insulin Sensitivity and Insulin Secretion in Adults With Friedreich's Ataxia: The Role of Skeletal Muscle.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2025Observational
- The metabolic signature of blood lipids: a causal inference study using twins.Journal of lipid research · 2024Article
- Creatine homeostasis and the kidney: comparison between kidney transplant recipients and healthy controls.Amino acids · 2024Article
- Untargeted metabolomics analysis of plasma metabolic characteristics in patients with acne and insulin resistance.Amino acids · 2023Article
- The Footprint of Type 1 Diabetes on Red Blood Cells: A Metabolomic and Lipidomic Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Plasma creatine and incident type 2 diabetes in a general population-based cohort: The PREVEND study.Clinical endocrinology · 2021Article
- Creatine homeostasis and protein energy wasting in hemodialysis patients.Journal of translational medicine · 2021Article
- Potential of Creatine in Glucose Management and Diabetes.Nutrients · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundType 2 diabetes is associated with both impaired insulin action at target tissues and impaired insulin secretion in pancreatic beta cells. Mitochondrial dysfunction may play a role in both insulin resistance and impaired insulin secretion. Plasma creatine has been proposed as a potential marker for mitochondrial dysfunction. We aimed to investigate the association between plasma creatine and incident type 2 diabetes.
methodsWe measured fasting plasma creatine concentrations by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy in participants of the general population-based PREVEND study. The study outcome was incident type 2 diabetes, defined as a fasting plasma glucose ≥7.0 mmol/L (126 mg/dl); a random sample plasma glucose ≥11.1 mmol/L (200 mg/dl); self-report of a physician diagnosis or the use of glucose-lowering medications based on a central pharmacy registration. Associations of plasma creatine with type 2 diabetes were quantified using Cox proportional hazards models and were adjusted for potential confounders.
resultsWe included 4735 participants aged 52 ± 11 years, of whom 49% were male. Mean plasma creatine concentrations were 36.7 ± 17.6 µmol/L, with lower concentrations in males than in females (30.4 ± 15.1 µmol/L vs. 42.7 ± 17.7 µmol/L; p for difference <.001). During 7.3 [6.2-7.7] years of follow-up, 235 (5.4%) participants developed type 2 diabetes. Higher plasma creatine concentrations were associated with an increased risk of incident type 2 diabetes (HR per SD change: 1.27 [95% CI: 1.11-1.44]; p < .001), independent of potential confounders. This association was strongly modified by sex (p interaction <.001). Higher plasma creatine was associated with an increased risk of incident type 2 diabetes in males (HR: 1.40 [1.17-1.67]; p < .001), but not in females (HR: 1.10 [0.90-1.34]; p = .37).
conclusionFasting plasma creatine concentrations are lower in males than in females. Higher plasma creatine is associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes in males.
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